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Lionel Page Profile picture
@page_eco
Nov 1, 2020 • 6 tweets • 3 min read • Read on X
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In Italy, fascist groups used violence against political opponents to deter them and prevent them from seating in Parliament.
from Ebner's amazon.com/Ordinary-Viole… Image
In France, militarised leagues went close to what seems a coup d'Etat in 1934, with riots generated by conspiracy theories around a corruption affair.
from Kalman's amazon.com.au/Extreme-Right-… ImageImage
Eventually, Germany's and Italy's democracy decayed into dictatorships.
There is definitely a lesson from history: democratic institutions can fail and we should not take them for granted. Image
In that light, what is happening in the USA is worrying. We see the emergence of violence and intimidation by political groups. What happened to Kamala Harris' bus in Texas should ring alarm bells for a democratic country.
It was furthermore encouraged by the President himself. Encouraging violent militias is a strategy we see in authoritarian regimes to influence political events and retain limited accountability.
journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/00… Image
It is important to stress that what's happening is not comparable in magnitude to what happened in Europe in the 1920s-1930s. But the current events mark an erosion of democratic norms. US citizens attached to their institutions should recognise it as such.
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More from @page_eco

Lionel Page Profile picture
May 2
Because talking to each other seems easy to us, we typically underappreciate the amazing cognitive feats we achieve in our everyday conversations. A 🧵 Image
While computers are extremely good at tasks humans find hard, like making complex calculations, they have struggled with tasks that humans find almost trivially easy, like language. It is part of the "Moravec paradox". Image
Our everyday communications may seem simple, but underneath, they are shaped by deep principles of cooperation that determine what we say and how we say it.
Read 20 tweets
Lionel Page Profile picture
Dec 9, 2023
We frequently lament the lack of quality information in the media. Yet, as consumers, we often seek not what's most accurate, but what aligns with our views. This shifts the information marketplace into a "marketplace of rationalisations". A🧵 Image
Concerns about the media aren't new. In the 20th century, intellectuals voiced worries about corporate mass media indoctrinating and dumbing down the public in ways that favoured the status quo of the political and economic order. Image
With the advent of the internet, there was hope for a decentralised public sphere, rich in idea exchange. But reality diverged from this ideal marketplace of ideas. Instead, concerns have risen about people increasingly being influenced by unreliable information. Image
Read 20 tweets
Lionel Page Profile picture
Nov 26, 2023
Why hasn't the Internet worked as a great public space where the best ideas win? Perhaps because it isn't how debates operate. Behind intellectual arguments, people aren't impartial thinkers; they advocate for their team.
A🧵on how coalitional thinking shapes our discussions. Image
Introductory example. When a Hayek citation criticising men's overconfidence was shared on a libertarian website, it was very poorly received. Ironically, the quote was from Hayek, the free-market economist. Who "said" it greatly influenced how the quote was perceived. Image
John Tooby--who recently passed away--and his wife Leda Cosmides, founded an influential school of evolutionary psychology. In a 2010 article, they highlighted the importance of our "coalitional psychology," that guides us in navigating ingroup cooperation & outgroup competition. Image
Read 16 tweets
Lionel Page Profile picture
Nov 9, 2023
Why reason fails: Our modern lives are teeming with technology, informed by scientific understanding. But at the same time, irrational beliefs, from superstition to vaccine hesitancy, are still widespread. How is it possible?
👉Reason is likely not the tool we think it is. A 🧵 Image
It is common to think of reason—the ability to form judgments logically—as what sets humans apart from other animals. It’s the way it's presented in the iconic sequence 2001: A Space Odyssey, where a black monolith endows apes with the capacity to build tools... and spaceships. Image
Paradoxically, while humans have been able to gain mastery over their environment thanks to an understanding of the laws of nature, the public’s faith in science is often lacking, even in rich and technologically advanced countries. Image
Read 13 tweets
Lionel Page Profile picture
Sep 28, 2023
A few years ago you joined this new organisation full of motivation and drive.
If today you are disenchanted and wonder why your workplace is frustratingly far from achieving its stated goals, this post is for you! A🧵 Image
Corporate communication is filled these days with over-the-top positivity. Everything is awesome; everybody is great. But it often feels like an artificial veneer to those seasoned employees who have been there for a while. Image
Our disillusion with our workplace comes from an initial illusion: the picture of a unitary organisation dedicated to fulfilling a goal.
An organisation is constituted by contracts between individuals with imperfectly aligned interests. Image
Read 15 tweets
Lionel Page Profile picture
Sep 8, 2023
In many countries, petrol prices do something strange: they follow regular cycles unrelated to changes in international oil prices. Economists have recently elucidated how these cycles work, revealing how firms don’t merely compete but also coordinate when setting prices. A🧵 Image
These petrol price cycles have a name: Edgeworth cycles. They have a “sawtooth pattern”: a rapid hike followed by a slow decline. They have been observed in Australia, Austria, Canada, Germany, Norway, and the US. Image
The economist Francis Y. Edgeworth (1925) suggested that price cycles could arise in situations where competition is imperfect. Image
Read 14 tweets

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