In the first issue of #SIUJ, @AnkeetShahMD @DominicGrimberg @BrantInman discussed the classification of molecular biomarkers. #OpenAccess siuj.org/index.php/siuj… (1/n) 
A “biomarker” is any measurable characteristic that indicates the presence or absence of disease or the biological response to a stimulus, typically an exposure or intervention. (2/n)
The FDA-NIH Biomarker Working Group has produced a document called Biomarkers, EndpointS and other Tools (BEST), which defines 7 categories of biomarkers according to their clinical usage. (3/n)
The authors approached the classification of biomarkers in two additional ways. 1) Their bodily source, and 2) Their measurement type. (4/n)
Biomarkers by source including blood (Serum and plasma, cellular fractions), urine, ejaculate and prostatic secretions, and tissue were discussed. (5/n)
Biomarkers by type including genomic markers (DNA, RNA), protein, glycans, lipids, imaging and pathology were also discussed. (6/n)
Biomarkers can be obtained and characterized from a highly diverse set of biological sources of measurement. There is no clear optimal biomarker, and each has inherent strengths and flaws. (7/n)
The future will likely consist of a collation of large networks of biomarkers that are merged computationally to provide a consensus picture of the pathological process that is occurring in the patient. (8/n)
This will undoubtedly require new informatic and artificial intelligence tools but will also lead to a new era of precision medicine. (9/9)
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