Alina Chan Profile picture
6 Nov, 17 tweets, 7 min read
Maybe @WHO forgot, but in 2004, the intermediate host of SARS was found within a week of diagnosing an index patient. When you know what to look for, it doesn't necessarily take years.
"When possible SARS was diagnosed in the waitress on January 2, 2004, serum, throat and rectal swabs were obtained from all 6 palm civets at the restaurant... Serum samples from employees of the restaurant were obtained on January 4."
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Yes, in the past, tracing some outbreaks could take years because people had no idea what they were looking for - which species could have been the intermediate host or the ultimate virus reservoir (bats). But China already developed extensive know-how from the SARS1 outbreak...
The situation is actually reversed. For SARS1, it took years to confirm bats as the reservoir (intermediate hosts were found within weeks-months). But for SARS2, we already knew from the beginning that bats in Yunnan are the reservoir, but the intermediates are still missing.
"the public may soon learn answers as the World Health Organization embarks on the final stages of a search for the coronavirus’s origins."

Seriously? Final stages? @WHO hasn't even been allowed to talk to the index patients or visit the market or WIV.

nationalgeographic.com/science/2020/1…
"disease detectives who have worked on similar hunts say this is business as usual" as in the reason why @WHO cannot visit ground zero is because of lack of funding and manpower.

So if international volunteers show up, can they access the index patients and lab records?
"Meanwhile, months of genetics research has already concluded that the pandemic started with what’s known as a zoonotic spillover"

When did scientists CONCLUDE that SARS2 began with a zoonotic spillover?
@NatGeo I followed the hyperlink in your statement above, and the NatGeo article it linked to definitely does not conclude based on any scientific evidence that SARS2 began with a zoonotic spillover.
In fact, the linked article was about the dangers of pseudoscientific misinformation. So it's quite ironic that you @NatGeo self-cited it to support a conclusion that was not even established in the article.
@WHO if Dr. Wang and Dr. Lipkin are on your independent investigatory team, how do you intend to account for their conflicts of interest? Namely, a long history of collaborating with the WIV/EcoHealth, titles/awards from China.
It feels like world organizations need a refresher on what conflict of interest means.

Wikipedia: "a situation in which a person or organization is involved in multiple interests, financial or otherwise, and serving one interest could involve working against another."
Maybe even scientific journals need a refresher on this. You can't expect people to just confess their conflicts of interest. Not everyone is Ned Stark from @GameOfThrones
Let's consider potential outcomes. @WHO samples bats in Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam and finds some SARS2-related viruses there. And then what?

You're still not any closer to understanding how SARS2 exploded in Wuhan. A city where 0% of people had SARS antibodies prior to SARS2.
Scientists have already checked Wuhan hospital patient samples collected as far back as Oct, 2019, and found that no patient samples before January, 2020 were SARS2-positive.

*article published by Nature family so read with caution
nature.com/articles/s4156…
So, almost 1 year later, no signs of an intermediate host despite testing 100s of animal samples from the Wuhan market and across Hubei province, and no signs of pre-circulation anywhere in the world (no positive banked samples prior to late 2019, no precursor/sibling viruses).
Experts, with conflicts of interest, are saying the investigation should focus on outside of China.

WHO team cannot perform an independent investigation.

The only team that is going to look at lab records is led by long time collaborator/funder/karaoke friend EcoHealth Daszak.
I feel like an entire Responsible Conduct of Research course could be conducted on what has occurred this year wrt the teams put in charge of "investigating" the origins of SARS2. @WHO @TheLancet #responsibleconductofresearch #scientificintegrity #SARS2origins #conflictofinterest

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More from @Ayjchan

7 Nov
On the SARS2 mink outbreak in Denmark: "genome sequences of human and animal strains will continue to facilitate detailed analyses by partners... WHO... are working with Danish scientists to better understand the available results" who.int/csr/don/06-nov…
However, no Danish mink SARS2 sequences are publicly available yet. (Please let me know if it becomes available!) So it's tough to tell exactly which SARS2 mutation combos to be looking at.

Regardless, ending mink farming is a good preemptive move to reduce covid outbreak risk.
One reason why the Danish PM decided on mink culling was that "this particular mink-associated variant identified in both minks and the 12 human cases has moderately decreased sensitivity to neutralizing antibodies."
Raising concerns about vaccine efficacy against the mink SARS2.
Read 24 tweets
5 Nov
On the topic of controversial SARS2 mutations. I've been delaying a thread on D614G because I think people watching US elections do not have the emotional/mental bandwidth to deal with complex analyses.

But it looks like the election results won't be known for days, so...
How does the D614G variant affect public health measures, vaccines, and therapeutics?

As far as we know - there is no impact.

The paper claiming that it increases transmissibility, says: "no significant correlation found between D614G status and hospitalization status"
Furthermore, the D614G mutant has been one of the earliest variants in each country (except China and a few exceptions) since the beginning - it's not like this strain suddenly appeared later in the pandemic - covered in this thread:
Read 27 tweets
5 Nov
On the question of how mink outbreaks can impact vaccines, antibody therapeutics, or diagnostics. How realistic is this concern?

The idea is that SARS2 spreading and adapting in large populations of different host species can result in the generation of more diverse viruses.
This process can be demonstrated in the lab. To study SARS2 vaccine efficacy in mice, scientists passaged the human SARS2 virus 6 times in aged mice and derived a mouse-adapted form of SARS2 with 5 nucleotide mutations. science.sciencemag.org/content/369/65…
In the case of mink farms, where thousands are stacked in rooms of crammed cages, this creates a nightmare scenario of the virus sweeping through thousands of animals, and even from farm to farm.
This is different from your pet dog or cat, unless you have cages and cages of them.
Read 10 tweets
4 Nov
This is really unreasonable. If you have the right to vote, why are you stopping other people from voting or preventing their votes from being counted?
If there's one thing this election has shown - it's not that Trump or Biden are superior - it's that people no longer have a way of connecting with each other, respecting each other's values.

We have to stop preaching to our own choirs and start treating each other with dignity.
I started really using @twitter this year and I realized that the algorithms are not designed to unify this country. Your algorithms (also @facebook) are destroying the greatest country in this world, by making it more and more difficult for people to relate to each other.
Read 6 tweets
4 Nov
“Due to the discovery of a mutated infection in mink, which weakens the ability to form antibodies, resolute action is needed. It is necessary to kill all mink,” Mette Frederiksen, Denmark’s prime minister. ft.com/content/cdca74… via @financialtimes
These mink SARS2 genomes from Denmark are not on the @GISAID database yet - so like @firefoxx66 said in the FT article, scientists cannot tell how extensive the mutations are and what impact this will have on vaccines, diagnostics, or therapeutics.
"The virus mutation has so far been found to have spread to 12 individuals who have been found to have an impaired reaction to antibodies, which could mean that any future vaccine will not have the intended effect."
Read 4 tweets
3 Nov
One question that many people ask me is "how likely is a lab escape vs natural origins of SARS2?"

And everyone complains when I refuse to give some kind of probability estimate. tbh I see this as a trick question because there is no evidence of either scenario at this point.
What we know is that none of the animals from the initially blamed seafood market or even any animals tested in the province of Hubei have been found positive for SARS2. See the interview response from the WIV. sciencemag.org/news/2020/07/t…
Shi Zhengli even says "We have done bat virus surveillance in Hubei Province for many years, but have not found... any coronaviruses that are closely related to SARS-CoV-2. I don't think the spillover from bats to humans occurred in Wuhan or in Hubei Province."
Read 44 tweets

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