A recent column by Islamic scholar and writer, Raymond Ibrahim, raymondibrahim.com/2015/08/31/how…
not only dispels those mistaken ideas, but explains in common sense language what everyone should understand about Islamic expansion both past and present.
Not only does Ibrahim’s analysis explain much about what modern day experts call “moderate Muslims” it also provides keen insights into the motivations of ISIS.
As Ibrahim explains,
“Early historical sources
—both Muslim and non-Muslim
make clear that the Islamic empire was forged by the sword;
that people embraced Islam,
not so much out of sincere faith,
but for a myriad of reasons—
... from converting in order to enjoy the boons of being on the ‘winning team’ to converting in order to evade the dooms of being on the ‘losing team.’
Modern day Muslims and other apologists—primarily in academia, government, and mainstream media—reject this idea.”
Using 7th century Egypt as the basis for his rationale, Ibrahim points out, and backs up with historical evidence, that
“Alexandria was one of the most important ecclesiastical centers of ancient Christian learning along with Rome and Antioch, one of the original three sees.…
... in recent times, both the oldest parchment to contain words from the Gospel (dating to the 1stcentury) and the oldest image of Christ were discovered in separate regions of Egypt.”
During that time in history, unlike today,
“whatever religion a person was born into was accepted with absolute conviction.”
This statement by Ibrahim is critical in two ways.
First, it explains why so many “converted” Muslims perpetuated the religion through centuries of ancestral evolution.
More importantly however, it also explains
why the Hijrah in 622 AD
when Muhammad left Mecca and traveled to Medina to establish the foundations of Islam
was such a significant historical event ...
For a 7th century person to leave his tribal roots to re-establish himself elsewhere was a personal decision of major proportions.
Thomas Madden, a historian of Medieval Europe and the Crusades, sums it up this way:
“(T)he medieval world wasn't the modern world. For medieval people, religion wasn't smth one just did at church. It was their science, their philosophy, their politics, their identity & their hope for salvation. It wasn't a personal preference but an abiding & universal truth.”
.
Ibrahim cites Madden again in his column:
“It is easy enough for modern people to dismiss the crusades as morally repugnant or cynically evil. Such judgements, however, tell us more about the observer than the observed. They are based on uniquely modern (and therefore, Western) values ...
If from the safety of our modern world, we are quick to condemn the medieval crusader,
we should be mindful that he would be just as quick to condemn us (regarding our values & priorities)… In both societies, the medieval & the modern,
people fight for what is most dear to them”
Given the brutality of the conquering Arabic armies and the hardships of survival in the harsh desert climate,
many Christians opted to convert to Islam rather than face persecution or the extreme financial consequences of jizya,
or Islamic taxation
levied against non-Muslims.
In essence, the converts became
“Muslims in name only”
which is key to understanding the growth of Islam
and its millions of so-called “moderate” Muslims.
“Bouts of extreme persecution regularly flared up,”
writes Ibrahim.
“And with each one, more and more Christians converted to Islam in order to find relief.
“Today the whole of North Africa is reportedly 99% Muslim –
yet few are aware that it was (a) Christian majority in the 7th century
when Islam invaded.
Once all these Christians converted to Islam,
all their progeny became Muslim in perpetuity, thanks to Islam’s apostasy law,
... which bans Muslims from leaving Islam on pain of death.”
It is, in fact, quite possible that
if the penalty for conversion from Islam had been ignored some 14 centuries ago,
Islam as we know it today could very easily have died with the Prophet Muhammad in 632.
As Raymond Ibrahim points out, “Past and present, Islam has been a religion of coercion. More than half the territory that once made up Christendom
–including Egypt, Syria, Turkey, North Africa–
converted to Islam due to bouts of extreme violence and ongoing financial bleeding.”
Consider that thought next time someone criticizes the Crusades
or attempts to denounce Christianity by apologizing for
simply attempting to regain territory that was “stolen” from them
by marauding Islamic expansion.
And then consider Ibrahim’s most salient point,
“The Islamic State and like organizations and Muslims around the world are not aberrations
but continuations.”
The concept is not difficult to grasp, but it has major implications for understanding Islam as we know it today.
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Έτσι, η αντίληψη ότι οι ΗΠΑ θα στηρίξουν νομοτελειακά τη φιλική προς αυτές χώρα στην αντιπαράθεσή της με μια άλλη που είναι εχθρική προς την Ουάσιγκτον, ή έστω όχι και τόσο φιλική, είναι εγγενώς λάθος...
Στην πραγματικότητα, η επιλογή θα γίνει με βάση το ποια είναι η πιο ισχυρή & απρόβλεπτη χώρα
στο σύστημα
και όχι με κριτήρια φιλικότητας,
όπως ακριβώς συμβαίνει στο σύστημα μητροπολιτικής Κίνας & Ταϊβάν.
Αυτό ενδέχεται να συμβεί, αν δεν συμβαίνει ήδη, στο ελληνοτουρκικό σύστημα.
Έτσι, η αντίληψη ότι οι ΗΠΑ θα στηρίξουν νομοτελειακά τη φιλική προς αυτές χώρα στην αντιπαράθεσή της με μια άλλη που είναι εχθρική προς την Ουάσιγκτον, ή έστω όχι και τόσο φιλική, είναι εγγενώς λάθος.
Στην πραγματικότητα,
η επιλογή θα γίνει με βάση
το ποια είναι η πιο ισχυρή & απρόβλεπτη χώρα στο σύστημα
& όχι με κριτήρια φιλικότητας,
όπως ακριβώς συμβαίνει στο σύστημα μητροπολιτικής Κίνας & Ταϊβάν.
Αυτό ενδέχεται να συμβεί,
αν δεν συμβαίνει ήδη,
στο ελληνοτουρκικό σύστημα.
Early historical sources
—both Muslim & non-Muslim
make clear that the Islamic empire was forged by the sword;
that people embraced Islam,
not so much out of sincere faith, but for a myriad of reasons—
from converting in order to enjoy the boons of being on the “winning team” ...
... to converting in order to evade the dooms of being on the “losing team.”
Modern day Muslims and other apologists—primarily in academia, government, and mainstream media—reject this idea. They argue that the non-Muslims who embraced Islam did so from sheer conviction;
ΤΗ ΔΙΕΝΕΡΓΕΙΑ ΕΝΟΡΚΗΣ ΔΙΟΙΚΗΤΙΚΗΣ ΕΞΕΤΑΣΗΣ, ΠΡΟΚΕΙΜΕΝΟΥ ΝΑ ΔΙΕΡΕΥΝΗΘΕΙ
ΑΝ ΕΧΟΥΝ ΕΥΘΥΝΕΣ ΥΠΑΛΛΗΛΟΙ ΠΟΥ ΧΟΡΗΓΗΣΑΝ ΑΔΕΙΑ ΑΠΟΧΩΡΗΣΗΣ ΑΠΟ ΤΙΣ ΔΟΜΕΣ ΦΙΛΟΞΕΝΙΑΣ
ΣΕ 27ΧΡΟΝΟ ΑΛΛΟΔΑΠΟ ΓΙΑ ΤΟΝ ΟΠΟΙΟ ΕΚΚΡΕΜΕΙ ΔΙΕΘΝΕΣ ΕΝΤΑΛΜΑ ΣΥΛΛΗΨΗΣ
ΓΙΑ ΣΥΜΜΕΤΟΧΗ ΣΤΟΝ ISIS,
ΖΗΤΟΥΝ ΟΙ ΒΟΥΛΕΥΤΕΣ ΤΗΣ ΝΔ ΘΑΝΑΣΗΣ ΠΛΕΥΡΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΚΩΝΣΤΑΝΤΙΝΟΣ ΜΑΡΚΟΠΟΥΛΟΣ
ΜΕ ΚΟΙΝΗ ΕΡΩΤΗΣΗ ΤΗΝ ΟΠΟΙΑ ΑΠΕΥΘΥΝΟΥΝ ΣΤΟΝ ΥΠΟΥΡΓΟ ΜΕΤΑΝΑΣΤΕΥΣΗΣ ΚΑΙ ΑΣΥΛΟΥ.
'ΟΠΩΣ ΕΙΔΙΚΟΤΕΡΑ ΕΠΙΣΗΜΑΙΝΟΥΝ,
«ΠΡΙΝ ΛΙΓΕΣ ΗΜΕΡΕΣ,
The St. Sergius and Bacchus Greek Orthodox Church in the city of Tabqa near Raqqa had radical Islamists remove the cross
after Friday’s Islamic prayers in a local mosque.
Although commentators refer to this action as part of an anti-France protest,
it clearly shows that
it is anti-Christian
as a Greek Orthodox Church was targeted in a city
controlled by the Kurdish-led and U.S.-backed Syrian Democratic Forces.