"In November 1849, a force of Anishinaabeg...led by Chiefs Oshawano, Shingwaukonse and Nebenaigoching, forced the Quebec and Lake Superior Mining Association to stop operating at Pointe aux Mines, Mica Bay, Lake Superior."
"The actions of the chiefs forced the Canada West government to negotiate in 1850. The Robinson-Huron and Robinson-Superior Treaties legitimated the mining leases, created reserves, recognized First Nations rights, and set precedents for future treaties..." 2/4
"Each treaty also contained annuities (annual payments) for the bands along with an “escalator clause.” The escalator clause was designed to raise the annuities as profits from the extractions of resources increased..." 3/4
"The failure of the Crown (see Federal Government) to follow the escalator clause has led to a claim that is currently before the courts. Importantly, the treaties did not surrender mineral rights." #Annuities#EscalatorClause#MineralRights 4/4 @PeterRecollet@DukePeltier
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