In 1880 there were more Irish-born people living in New York state (499,500) than Co. Dublin (418,900) and Co. Cork (495,600). Total Irish-born population in the United States was 1.86 million. loc.gov/resource/g3701… 
Distribution of the Irish-born population in United States in Census 1890 loc.gov/resource/g3701…
Almost 40% of the Irish-born population were living outside Ireland in the 1880/90s
There were thousands more living in other countries. For instance, 16,000 living in India in 1871. (Unfortunately post-partition statistics harder to come by, as some countries don't include Northern Ireland-born in their Census results).
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