Thread by @HFpEF

#HFpEF pearl of the day: For echo diagnosis of ⬆️LV filling pressures, remember the 11-13-15 rule. Septal E/e' > 11 in A-fib, > 13 with exercise, > 15 at rest (in sinus rhythm) = ⬆️LV filling pressure is likely. None of these are perfect, but good rule of thumb.

Here is an example of elevated septal E/e' (> 11) in AF:

Here is a nice review on the topic: sciencedirect.com/science/articl…

Here is an example of septal E/e' > 13 during exercise (diastolic stress test).