Since today is the Bhumipooja for the new parliament building, we'll see what our ancient text on Architecture, the Manasara-Shilpashastra says on the rituals to be performed & the deities to be invoked before the commencement of any construction activity. (1)
The Balikarma-vidhana (sacrificial offerings) are prescribed for various deities. These deities preside over different partitions of the ground plan of what is being built.
This is just an example of the various deities presiding over different partitions of the plan. (2)
Now each one of the 45 presiding deities need to be invoked & offered a "bali" (offerings). The offerings can be anything from milk, curd, butter, rice, sesame, honey, modaka sweet to fish & meat in case of asuric deities. We'll see in detail in the following tweets. (3)
The performer of the offering must observe a fast overnight, with a pure body & cheerful mind, putting on his best clothes should collect the requisites for the offerings.
Offerings should be made to Brahma & other gods as well as to the Rakshasas.
(4)
The 1st offering is made to Brahma. It consists of Akshata(unhusked grain), Dhupa(insense), Deepa(lamps) followed by pushpa(flowers), sugandha(perfume), ksheera(milk), Madhu(honey), navanita(butter) & payasam (sweet)
(5)
This is followed by an offering an offering of fruits to Aryaka. Sesame, rice & curdled milk to Vivasvat & curdled milk again to Mitra. Bhudhara is offered condensed milk.
(See the plan picture in the 2nd tweet above for the location of all the deities)
(6)
Parjanya too is to be offered condensed milk. Jayantha is offered flowers & fresh butter. Honey & perfume is offered to Bhaskara.
(7)
Fresh butter is offered to Bhrisha.
Gagana(Antariksha) is offered Haldi, beans, milk ,butter & Tagara plant.
Agni should be offered unadulterated condensed milk.
Pushan is offered payasam.
Vithata is offered boiled rice.
Yama is offered dried rice. (8)
Gandharva is offered aguru(aloe wood) & perfume.
Bhringiraja is offered fish.
Mrisha is offered milk & boiled rice.
Pithri is offered sesame rice.
Dauvarikha is offered sesamum grains. (9)
Sugriva is offered Modakam.
Pushpadanta is offered flowers & water.
Varuna is offered payasam.
Asura is offered rakta (blood).
Shosha is offered sesamum & rice.
Roga is offered dried fish.
Marut is offered rice porridge mixed with haldi.
(10)
Naga is offered parched grain
Mukhya is offered grains of rice.
Bhallata is offered gudaka(molasses).
Soma is offered rice boiled with milk.
Aditi is offered sweets.
Udita is offered seasamum grains, flowers & fruits.
Savitra is offered milk,rice,butter,corn.
(11)
Indra is offered mudga(kidney beans)
Rudra is offered beans.
Rudrajaya is offered meat.
Apavatsa is offered to be offered Kumuda(white lotus)
(12)
On the completion of the offerings, the one performing these rituals should mediate on his own Siva (special deity) with a purposeful mind. (13)
These rituals are mandated in order for there to be prosperity, contentment, peace & welfare. Failing to perform these mandated sacrifies will result in adverse outcomes.
The section on Balikarma-vidhana (sacrificial offerings) ends with the below verses.
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Namaste friends🙏 Had the good fortune of having a darshana at one of the most iconic temples of Bharat last week, the ancient Pallava era Kailasanatha Temple at Kanchi.
This is a thread on the temple's history, architecture & sculptures. There is so much to share. Do read. 🕉️
Firstly, brief history of the temple. It was built during the 8th century by Pallava emperor Rajasimha. The temple also goes by the name Rajasimheshwara. This temple served as the architectural blueprint for the Chalukyas & later Rashtrakutas for their temples at Vatapi & Ellora.
There is a Pallava-Granta inscription in the temple that praises Rajasimha as a great ruler. He is praised as having mastered the vedas and shaiva siddhantha. He is compared to Indra & Kubera
Some of the titles used by Rajasimha were Ishanacharana, Sivachudamani, Kalasamudra.
A detailed THREAD on the history, architecture & sculpture of the Hoysala built Chennakeshava Temple at Somanathapura, Karnataka.
This is going to be a long one & it took me a while to piece all the information together. Do continue reading till the end. Lets's start 🕉️ (1)
The Keshava temple was constructed by Somanatha Dandanayaka on receiving funds from reigning King Narasimha III. This temple was consecrated in 1238 CE & is considered the last major temple building activity undertaken by the Hoysalas. (2)
In front of the entrance of the temple is a 10mt high Dipasthambha. The Temple is enclosed in a prakara wall & is entered through a mantapa on the east. To the left of this mantapa is a 3mt high slab with inscription in both Kannada & Sanskrit dating to the reign of Narasimha (3)
A Thread on the history, architecture, paintings and sculpture at The Veerabhadra swamy temple in Lepakshi, Andhra. The temple represents the awe inspiring architectural brilliance of the Vijayanagara Empire. (1)
Hanumalinga shrine is located at the southwest corner of the pradaksina path that surrounds the garbhagrha & antarala (vestibule) of the Veerabhadra shrine. The entrance to this shrine is situated in the southwest corner of the pradaksina wall. (57)
Facing the east, the shrine consists solely of the garbhagriha, which houses a linga placed on a vedi (pedestal). Above the roof is a four faced Nagara Shikhara. (58)
Da Vinci was undoubtedly a great innovator. But 500 years before him was Paramara Bhoja. He authored the Samarangana Sutradhara, a multi disciplinary text, where he describes building advanced warfare machines including mechanized soliders! This is 500 years before Da Vinci! (1)
Bhoja's legendary work, the Samarangana Sutradhara has no parallel for its time. In this particular chapter called Yantra vidhanam, he describes the method of building advanced mechanical devices like Golakabhramana, Jalayantra & many others. (2)
Bhoja talks about a number of advanced mechanical devices which he calls as "Yantras"
He defines a Yantra as " The device by which the mahabhutas like earth, water, fire, air & ether are controlled. When the free & natural activities of these mahabhutas...cont...(3)
THREAD. Chief reasons for the decline of Buddhism in India listed out by historian scholar PV Kane.
1) People realised the dangers of buddhist teachings of constantly being preached on how the world is a place of suffering & giving up on all desires etc
(1)
2) Hindu concept of 4 Ashrama system gave men a real purpose in life. Inculcated discipline in them, unlike Buddhist philosophy that threatened the very stability & continuance of human society that gradually led to loss of physical & mental vitality, idleness & race suicide
(2)
3) Later Buddhists strayed so much from the original teachings of buddha, in the process they simply ended up copying Hindu ideals like Bhakti. The line between Buddhism & Hinduism got so thin that the former got subsumed in the vast superior ocean that is Hindu dharma.
After turushka invader muhammad khalji destroyed nalanda & vikramashila, his hordes set eye in tibet. On the way back, his men were ambushed by Vallabhadeva's army. Vallabhadeva was the then ruler of Assam. In the battle many turushkas were killed. An inscription records this.
For the next century and a half, turushkas kept trying to push into Assam & failed. Some were mortally wounded & their armies destroyed. Resistance to turushkas by Hindu assamese is a great inspirational story.
When turushka malik yuzbak decided to invade Assam in 1257 CE, the then Hindu king set up a well planned trap which led to malik being captured & executed. His army was destroyed too. The Hindu king who led this operation is identified as Kamateshvara Sandhya.