George Mack Profile picture
Jan 16, 2021 19 tweets 4 min read Read on X
THREAD: 15 of the most useful razors and rules I've found.

Rules of thumb that simplify decisions.
Bezos' Razors:

• If unsure what action to take, let your 80-year-old self make it.

• If unsure who to work with, pick the person that has the best chances of breaking you out of a 3rd world prison.
Skinner's Law:

• If procrastinating on an item, you only have 2 options:

1. Make the pain of not doing it greater than the pain of doing it.

2. Make the pleasure of doing it greater than the pleasure of not doing it.
Luck Razor:

• If stuck with 2 equal options, pick the one that feels like it will produce the most luck later down the line.

I used this razor to go for drinks with a stranger rather than watch Netflix.

In hindsight, it was the highest ROI decision I've ever made.
Bragging Razor:

• If someone brags about their success or happiness, assume it’s half what they claim.

• If someone downplays their success or happiness, assume it’s double what they claim.

The map is not the terrain.
Hofstadter’s Law: 

• It always takes longer than you expect, even when you take into account Hofstadter’s Law.

Every project costs 2x as much and takes 3x as long - even when you factor this into your projections.
Elon's Law:

• If you have a project, combat Hofstader's Law by setting a ridiculously ambitious deadline.

Even if it takes 3x longer than the deadline, you're ahead of everyone else.

Elon Musk missing his super human deadlines is a feature rather than a bug.
Naval's Razors:

• If you have 2 choices to make and it's 50/50, take the path that’s more painful in the short term.

• If a task is worth less than your ambitious hourly rate - outsource it, automate it or delete it.

H/T - @naval
Munger's Law:

• Never allow yourself to have an opinion on a subject unless you can state the opposing argument better than the opposition can.

Steelman Arguments > Strawman Arguments
Hitchen's Razor:

• What can be asserted without evidence can be dismissed without evidence.
Newton's Flaming Laser Sword:

• If something can be settled by experiment or observation, then it is not worthy of debate.

UFC 1 >>> Decade long debates on the best martial arts
Joe Rogan's Razors:

• If unsure what action to take - ask what the hero in the movie would do.

• If you're intensely passionate about something and nobody around you is interested in it - assume the scale of the internet might help you find them.
Taleb's Surgeon:

• If presented with two seemingly equal candidates for a role, pick the one with the least amount of charisma.

The uncharismatic one has got there despite their lack of charisma.

The charismatic one has got there with the aid of their charisma.
Discomfort Razor:

• The more uncomfortable the activity, the more likely it will lead to growth.

• The more comfortable the activity, the more likely it will lead to stagnation.

1000 uncomfortable hours > 10,000 comfortable hours
Checkhov's Gun:

• When telling a story, if it's non-essential - don't include it.

"If you say in the 1st chapter that there is a rifle hanging on the wall, in the 2nd or 3rd chapter it absolutely must go off. If it's not going to be fired, it shouldn't be hanging there."
Occam's Razor:

• Simple assumptions are more likely to be correct than complex assumptions.

Avoid Occam's Duct Tape:

• Someone who approaches a problem with a ridiculously large number of assumptions.
Walt Disney's Rule:

• If struggling to think clearly about a subject, draw it out.

Here's Walt Disney's drawing he made in 1957 of the Media Empire he wanted to build.

It's iconic. Image
Schwarzeneggers' Rule:

• Never need to monetize your artistic pursuits. You won't have to sacrifice your inner joy and vision for a payday.

Arnold made millions from property and D2C bodybuilding guides so he never had to say yes to acting gigs he didn't like.
I occasionally send out a newsletter of new ideas I'm exploring.

100% high signal. 0% spam.

Check it out 👉 bit.ly/MentalModelsBD

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More from @george__mack

Mar 28
Underrated rule of thumb: Don't put another human on a pedestal.

Even the greats had human flaws:

1. ‍‍Steve Jobs delayed nine months of medical treatment of pancreatic cancer for a carrot juice diet and acupuncture. Image
2. Mozart overspent his income, lived miserably in mountains of debt and regularly wrote letters to friends begging for money. Image
3. Isaac Newton spent thirty years of his life writing 1 million words on alchemy.

Hidden for years by his heirs because they were too embarrassed to publish it. Image
Read 14 tweets
Mar 24
After 7 months of writing, I finished my essay!

I think agency might be the most important idea of the 21st century

highagency.com
High agency in a meme: Image
High agency in a moment: Image
Read 9 tweets
Mar 23
After 7 months, I finished my essay on high agency.

So I asked myself: "What's the most high agency way of promoting it?"

Last night, I took over the iconic Times Square in New York for $0.

Hilarious story... Image
I spent 7 months trying to simplify high agency in the essay:

Optimism = Glass is half full

Pessimism = Glass is half empty

High agency = You're a tap Image
When it came time to promote it, I used the high agency tricycle:

1. Clear thinking
2. Bias to action
3. Disagreeability

Like a tricycle, if you take away any of the wheels -- it stops working. Image
Read 17 tweets
Aug 12, 2024
"Most people die at 25 and aren't buried until they're 75" - Benjamin Franklin

Why?

4 reasons and solutions: Image
Reason 1 - Milestones

0-25 is a well-designed video game.

You level up each year.

There are regular milestones as you go from infancy to school to entering the workforce.

You constantly feel like you're making progress -- and have reflective milestones.
After 25, it's a terribly designed video game.

Society places you on your own.

If you don't have the agency to design your own 25+ video game, the only milestones life will give you are the funerals of your loved ones -- followed by your own funeral.
Read 23 tweets
Jun 16, 2024
What idea do you think is true AND underpriced?

Here's mine: The most productive people turn life into a video game.

Let's go deep into this...Image
I had this red pill moment when I saw the following:

The laziest person I’ve ever met play a video game for 16 hours straight, 7 days per week.

My brain began to hurt: The laziest person I knew just did more focused work than I’d seen anyone ever achieve.
I’d hit level 100 of cognitive dissonance:

The laziest person in my life is also the hardest working person in my life?!

I needed a software update for my broken worldview:
I realised this person wasn’t lazy…

Instead, their reality was just a poorly designed video game.
Read 23 tweets
May 30, 2024
How to choose where to live and what locations to visit:

12 non-obvious thoughts:
1. The 3 big decisions: Where you live, what you do, and who you're with.

Location might be the most important one because the other 2 are often downstream of location.
2. Good rule of thumb for locations to avoid: What places has the most amount of sofa people? (People that drain your energy you need to lie down on a sofa to recharge)
Read 15 tweets

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