Alina Chan Profile picture
24 Feb, 12 tweets, 6 min read
People have been asking me about this article by previous Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Miles Yu in @WSJ

How much of this is objective? Or novel? Could SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 really have come from a lab in Wuhan?

What do we really know, publicly?
wsj.com/articles/china…
On Jan 15, 2021, the previous US State Department released this Facts Sheet on the origins of COVID-19 raising concerns about SARS + other pathogen research at the WIV.

However, it was swiftly archived by the new administration.

2017-2021.state.gov/fact-sheet-act…
On @FaceTheNation ex-Deputy National Security Adviser Matt Pottinger said that this had been "scrubbed by every department within every bureau within the State Department, was looked at very carefully by the NSC staff, intelligence officers, HHS"
cbsnews.com/video/former-d…
A recent @NBCNews piece that talked to sources that had seen the actual intelligence showed that there was substantial intelligence not yet released, but one source described the previous State Dept statement as "less than rock solid"
With no sight of the intelligence being (partially) declassified, this exercise is like the parable of blind men describing an elephant. Each person has known or unknown subjective experiences that leads them to interpret the same information differently. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blind_men…
The @WSJ article and the Facts Sheet exert that the Chinese government has been working on dangerous human pathogens and some of this work was done at the WIV in the years preceding COVID.

I hope this doesn't really surprise anyone.
But the crux of the issue is:

What is the "enormous" evidence pointing to COVID-19 originating from a Wuhan lab?

Seriously, what is it?
The @WSJ article points out safety issues had been raised at the WIV, some scientists in China sell lab animals to make side cash, a PLA general had been sent to Wuhan to handle COVID in early 2020, and there had been trash talking about bioweapons targeting specific populations.
Some of this is suspicious but could be interpreted to have less nefarious intent.

Many labs have safety issues. The more pathogen research you do, the more safety issues you have.

The PLA general was sent to Wuhan to make a vaccine. science.sciencemag.org/content/370/65…
This article & others have pointed out that Chinese gov is obstructing a transparent investigation of covid origins.

Does this mean it came from a lab?

They could've watched cases rise from 100K to 1M to 10M to 100M & decided they didn't want to be responsible for any of it.
Even if they found a whole farm of smuggled pangolins in South China with SARS-CoV-2 precursor, maybe they don't want to share that with the international community.
Unfortunately, we're still stuck with zero definitive evidence for any of the different origins hypotheses.

No direct evidence of natural origins. No direct evidence of lab origins. Definitely no direct evidence of #PopsicleOrigins

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More from @Ayjchan

26 Feb
To get a sense of how slowly investigations into the origins of covid-19 / SARS2 are going...

In the case of SARS1 (2002-2004), virus emerged late in the year 2002.

1st virus isolated in March 2003. 1st genome sequence in April 2003.

Market animal sources found in May 2003.
Oct 2003, it was reported that the animal trading community had previously undetected exposure to SARS virus(es).

In other words, SARS1 was found to have spilled over in a place where animal traders are exposed to similar viruses.

cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/m…
When SARS1 emerged again in late 2003, the tracking of the spillover source was even faster.

Patient (a waitress) diagnosed on Jan 2, 2004.

In 2 days, samples had been collected from all palm civets and employees at the restaurant. Several samples SARS+

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Read 5 tweets
26 Feb
Am I getting this right? The @WHO convened team heard from an index case that there was a 2nd market but because the meeting ended, they didn’t get details or even the name of the market.

“On the next episode of CSI Wuhan...”
wsj.com/articles/in-hu…
Also, before the WHO-convened team went to Wuhan, Chinese scientists had already tested 10,000s of animal samples including from around Wuhan city and Hubei province - all negative for SARS2. Can the team access the data in higher resolution? Which markets and farms were checked?
A timeline of when results were known would also be exceedingly helpful. The @WSJ reported on this in May 2020, eg OIE was informed on Jan 31, 2020 that no animals at the Huanan market tested positive for SARS2. wsj.com/articles/china…
Read 4 tweets
25 Feb
Feb 9, we heard from WHO-convened team (which is 50% scientists in China, 50% international) they were going to stop looking into "extremely unlikely" lab origins & start investigating #PopsicleOrigins

One team member said this decision was to "respect" the Chinese counterparts.
Feb 22, one of WHO-convened team members says the COVID-19 virus could've come from Thailand, even naming one market.

DESPITE closest relatives to SARS-CoV-2 being from China

DESPITE the virus in Thailand not even using the same human receptor 🤯

bangkokpost.com/thailand/gener…
Jan 2020 China said the virus likely came from wild animals sold at the Wuhan seafood market. May 2020 they said the market was just a later cluster, not the origin.

Since then, they've suggested that covid-19 was imported into China through cold chain.
Read 7 tweets
22 Feb
One fact that I think many scientists and members of the public are not widely aware of is that the original SARS virus - back when it was the only SARS virus known to man - escaped from labs not once but 4 times.

2 of those times from a top Beijing lab.

genomebiology.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11…
For those lab escapes of SARS1, "once the alarm was raised about the cases, over 1000 of their close contacts were isolated very quickly"

But would this have stopped a virus like SARS2 that can spread asymptomatically with up to 2 weeks incubation time?
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
In 2004, SARS was the only SARS virus studied in labs - 4 lab escapes.

Fast forward to 2019, there are several dozens (likely 100s) of SARS-like viruses sampled by labs.

After covid, a whole bunch of SARS2-like viruses collected in the past get published.
Read 10 tweets
21 Feb
Before the WHO-convened global study on the #OriginsofCovid releases their interim report this week (maybe), I think it's useful to explain to the public where all the evidence lies right now across the 4 hypotheses presented by the origins team
who.int/publications/m…
For the sake of simplicity, hypotheses 1 and 2 can be combined into scenario A, which includes virus transmission from the animal reservoir (most likely bats) directly into humans or through an intermediary animal host that is more closely related to humans.
The WHO-convened team stated that cold chain supply (scenario F) is an #originsofcovid hypothesis deserving of follow-up.
Importantly @Peterfoodsafety later clarified they are only considering within-China cold chain food trade, not from outside China.
Read 25 tweets
19 Feb
“Chinese authorities declined to give the WHO team raw data on these cases and potential earlier ones”

Data they saw “could possibly indicate infections as far back as September, said Marion Koopmans, a Dutch virologist on the WHO team.” wsj.com/articles/covid…
🌟 by @LawrenceGostin
“Sovereign states will almost certainly resist IPPPR proposals to empower the WHO to enter their territory and gain access to full information.. (eg) inspectorate system like the ones currently in nuclear nonproliferation treaties.”
jamanetwork.com/channels/healt…
The @WHO origins study shows us serious problems in pandemic reporting & tracking. Tho much data exists & more could’ve been found a yr ago, no world organization was granted the power to access and collect such data.

As a result, the world doesn’t even know when covid started.
Read 5 tweets

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