Thread by @Agnostic_Muslim

Happy #PakistanResolutionDay and #PakistanRepublicDay to Pakistanis all over the world.
Lahore Resolution was presented in the general session of the All India Muslim League (AIML) 22-24 March 1940 and was unanimously adopted by the delegates

#OneNationOneDestiny

The Resolution was written and prepared by the Sir Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, an Ahmadi who later became the first Foreign Minister of Pakistan.

The Resolution was presented by Abul Qasem Fazul Haq, popularly known as Sher-e-Bengal (شیر بنگال). He was the first Prime Minister of the United Bengal Province of British India and later became the Interior Minister of Pakistan. He also became the Governer of East Pakistan

The Lahore Resolution was seconded by Chaudhary Khaliquzzaman from the United Provinces. He later became the President of the Muslim League (Pakistan), Governer of East Pakistan and Pakistan's Ambassador to Indonesia and Philippines.

The Resolution was seconded by Maulana Zafar Ali Khan from Punjab. He also translated it in Urdu.

The Resolution was seconded by Sardar Aurangzeb Khan from the erstwhile NWFP. He also remained the Chief Minister of the province during the British Rule.

The Resolution was seconded by Sir Abdullah Haroon. He came from humble background and played and important role in 1938 Sindh Assembly Resolution.

The Resolution was endorsed by Qazi Muhammad Essa. He was the founder of AIML in Balochistan and the President of the party in the province. He belonged to the Sunni Hazara tribe. He is the father of the current judge of the Supreme Court of Pakistan Qazi Muhammad Faez Isa.

One of the main statements of the Lahore Resolution called for the formation of "Independent States" in the Muslim majority regions of British India. Quote:
"That geographically contiguous units are demarcated into regions which should be constituted, with such territorial...

readjustments as may be necessary that the areas in which the Muslims are numerically in a majority as in the North Western and Eastern Zones of (British) India should be grouped to constitute 'independent states' in which the constituent units should be autonomous and sovereign.

The Resolution also called for the protection of rights of all minorities both in Muslim and Non-Muslim majority regions.
"That adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards should be specifically provided in the constitution for minorities in these units and in these regions for

the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them; and in other parts of India where the Mussalmans are in a minority, adequate, effective and mandatory safeguards shall be specially provided

in the constitution for them and other minorities for the protection of their religious, cultural, economic, political, administrative and other rights and interests in consultation with them."

AIML was propagating the idea of "Muslim Nationalism" against the idea of "Indian Nationalism" propagated by the Indian National Congress (INC). Leaders and supporters of AIML are called "Muslim Nationalists"

Contrary to popular belief and academic literature, many prominent Muslims and organizations and political parties were advocates of Indian Nationalism. The adherents are called "Nationalist Muslims"

These Nationalist Muslims in response to the Lahore Resolution organized "All India Azad Muslim Conference" in Delhi from 27-30 April 1940. Azad Muslim Conference was founded in 1929 by Allah Baksh Soomro; also founded Sindh Ittehad Party just like the Unionist Party in Punjab.

Some 1400 delegates took part in that conference. They belonged mainly to the lower castes and working classes. Many Islamic theologians and women also participated in the conference. Allah Baksh said in his address:
“Whatever our faiths we must live together in our country in..

... an atmosphere of perfect amity and our relations should be the relations of  the several brothers of a joint family, various members of which are free to profess their faith as they like without any let or hindrance and of whom enjoy equal benefits of their joint property.”

He was against the "Two Nation Theory" and described communalism as a creation of upper-caste Hindus and Muslims. He alleged that the British were responsible for the ascendancy of the AIML to counter INC.

The Conference was attended by Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind, Sindh Ittehad Party, Majlis-e-Ahrar-ul-Islam, All India Momin Conference, All India Shia Political Conference, Khudai Khidmatgar, Krishak Praja Party, Jamiat Ahl-e-Hadith, Unionist Party and many others.

The debate between Indian Nationalism vs. Muslim Nationalism still goes till this very date. Personally, I am not that against Muslim Nationalism as much as I am against Partition as it left millions of Muslims back in India thereby weakening the bond of Indian Muslims.

Furthermore, Partition created its own ills, largest migration in human history, refugee crisis, displacement of families, bloodshed, bitter relations, religious hatred and future wars between two new states and ethnic complexities and crisis in Pakistan. Furthermore, Pakistan

was never meant to be a religious or a theocratic state. It's primary purpose was to secure adequate and effective safeguards for Indian Muslims and their cultural, political, economic and religious rights and identity. A religious state isn't essential for this very purpose.

What Pakistan fail to achieve was autonomy for its provinces, safeguards for rights of its ethnic, linguistic and religious minorities, national harmony and integration and most importantly a democratic federal republic. Solely relying on Muslim Nationalism and unity was suicidal

and Bangladesh was created. Only Pakistan Nationalism based upon principles of diversity, pluralism, religious, sectarian and ethnic harmony, tolerance and a new national consciousness on secular lines is the way forward now.

References
1. Ahmed, Ishtiaq. The Dissenters. The Friday Times. 27 May 2016
2. Muslim against Partition by Shams ul Islam
3. The Garrison State by Ishtiaq Ahmad
4. Lahore Resolution Official Document

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