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Chise Profile picture
@sailorrooscout
Apr 8, 2021 • 9 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
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Encouraging studies! 🧵
An analysis of cross-reactive viral binding and neutralization of emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants shows Novavax’s and Moderna’s vaccines elicit immune responses that are effective against variants B.1.429 (CA) and B.1.351 (S. Africa).
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Patients previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 received Pfizer’s vaccine. Before vaccination, they had neutralizing activity against variants B.1.1.7 & P.1 but not B.1.351. AFTER one dose, neutralizing activity against ALL variants increased substantially!
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Convalescent serum from those who recovered from an infection with SARS-CoV-2 variant B.1.351 showed potent neutralization of D614G (original), as well as variants B.1.351 (S. Africa) AND P.1 (Brazil). Booster vaccines may just seal the deal if needed!
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
3 weeks after a single dose, those with recent SARS-CoV-2 infection or seropositive status had higher levels of antibody to 4 SARS-CoV-2 antigens and higher levels of antibodies with neutralizing characteristics than those without a history of infection.
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Moderna’s vaccine significantly reduces neutralizing activity against VOCs B.1.1.7 (UK), B.1.1.7+ E484K, P.1 (Brazil), B.1.351 (S. Africa) AND B.1.427/B.1.429 (CA).
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Data from a UK clinical study suggests the AstraZenecas vaccine is 70.4% effective against symptomatic COVID-19 caused by variant B.1.1.7. The vaccine was 81.5% effective in preventing symptomatic COVID-19 caused by non-B.1.1.7 strains.
thelancet.com/journals/lance…
Antibody titers of vaccinees who recovered from a previous SARS-CoV-2 infection were found to be 10x to 45x as high as those of vaccinees without preexisting immunity at the same time points after just one dose of either mRNA vaccine.
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Serum samples obtained from participants vaccinated with two doses of Pfizer’s BNT162b2 COVID-19 vaccine shows effective neutralization against VOCs B.1.1.7 (UK), B.1.351 (S. Africa) AND P.1 (Brazil).
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Why is this all good news? Because the vaccines are effective! This thread includes something on just about each of them. These also don’t even take into account cell-mediated immunity/ my love of T-cells which add a whole other layer of protection!

Have a great day! ☀️🧬🦠🧫💉

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More from @sailorrooscout

Chise Profile picture
May 28
HOW COOL IS THIS? A vaccine for honeybees? More likely than you think! Not only did the vaccine protect bees from a fatal BACTERIAL disease, it ALSO protected them against from a VIRAL disease spread by varroa mites! Now that’s a BUZZWORTHY solution! 🐝

Let’s talk about that! 🧵 Honeybees are under stress from pesticides, mites and a variety of diseases. Now, a new vaccine aimed at protecting bees from a serious bacterial infection may do double duty by warding off a virus.
The first vaccine designed for insects may make honeybees healthier overall. Honeybee hives vaccinated against a bacterial disease had much lower levels of an unrelated viral disease than did unvaccinated hives.
•frontiersin.org/articles/10.33…
Researchers at Dalan, based in Athens, Georgia designed the bee vaccine to protect against American foulbrood- a fatal disease caused by a spore-forming bacterium called Paenibacillus larvae. Adult bees don’t get sick but can spread spores in the hive, where the disease infects
Read 13 tweets
Chise Profile picture
May 22
THIS IS HUGE! A new study shows nanoparticles fashioned from the cowpea mosaic virus demonstrated remarkable success in improving survival rates AND suppressing the growth of metastatic tumors across VARIOUS cancer models including colon, ovarian, and breast cancer!🧵⬇️
An experimental treatment made from a plant virus is effective at protecting against a broad range of metastatic cancers in mice, shows a new study from the University of California San Diego.

The findings were published recently in Advanced Science.
•onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ad…
The treatment, composed of nanoparticles fashioned from the cowpea mosaic virus showed remarkable success in improving survival rates and suppressing the growth of metastatic tumors across various cancer models. Similar outcomes were also observed by the team when the treatment
Read 11 tweets
Chise Profile picture
May 13
I aspire to exude as much confidence as this little Kinesin protein strutting along a microtubule while hauling intracellular cargo.

Look at that little guy go! 👏
The original animation dates back to 2006, when it was published by a pair of Harvard University researchers working with an artist and animator named John Liebler. Together, the trio took several years to produce a dramatized 3D modeling of internal cellular function titled
“The Inner Life of the Cell." This animation you see above is from “Art of the Cell.”

In reality, there are many different proteins, three of which- kinesins, myosins, and dyneins- are considered "motor" proteins. As their name suggests, these high-energy bad boys, powered by
Read 14 tweets
Chise Profile picture
May 7
This is HUGE news! In a first-ever human clinical trial of four adult patients, an mRNA cancer vaccine developed at the University of Florida quickly reprogrammed the immune system to attack glioblastoma, the most aggressive and lethal brain tumor.

Let’s talk about that! 🧵⬇️
The results mirror those in 10 pet dog patients suffering from naturally occurring brain tumors whose owners approved of their participation, as they had no other treatment options, as well as results from preclinical mouse models. The breakthrough now will be tested in a Phase
I pediatric clinical trial for brain cancer.

Reported May 1 in the journal Cell, the discovery represents a potential new way to recruit the immune system to fight notoriously treatment-resistant cancers using an iteration of mRNA technology and lipid nanoparticles, similar
Read 15 tweets
Chise Profile picture
May 2
HOW COOL IS THIS? A virus (yes, you read that correctly) could help save BILLIONS of gallons of wastewater produced by fracking. Researchers at UTEP have identified a novel means of treating resilient bacteria found in produced water: Bacteriophages!

Let’s talk about that! 🧵⬇️ Bacteriophages attacking a bacterial cell.
You can find the study here:
•

An estimated 168 billion gallons of wastewater -or produced water- is generated annually by the Permian Basin fracking industry, according to a 2022 report by the Texas Produced Water Consortium.dx.doi.org/10.3390/w16060…
The major waste stream has proved both difficult and costly to treat because of the chemical complexity of the water.

According to this study just published in Water, numerous methods have been deployed to clean up the harmful bacteria in industrial wastewater.
Read 15 tweets
Chise Profile picture
Apr 20
HOW COOL IS THIS? For the FIRST time in ONE BILLION years, two lifeforms have truly merged into one organism. In a new study, researchers report that a nitrogen-fixing organelle has been identified in a marine alga. Meet the Nitroplast! Let’s talk about that! 🧵⬇️ A light microscopy image shows the marine algae Braarudosphaera bigelowii, which is a potentially large evolutionary step. This algae absorbed a bacterium called UCYN-A and formed a new organelle called a nitroplast. The black arrow is pointing to the nitroplast.
This discovery sheds light on the evolutionary transition from endosymbiont to organelle. A team of scientists have detected a sign of a major life event that has likely not occurred for at least one billion years. They’ve observed primary endosymbiosis–two lifeforms merging into
ONE organism. This incredibly rare event occurred between a type of abundant marine algae and a bacterium.

So, what makes this so fascinating? Technically, it is now time to welcome a new type of cell to the club of living things that can harvest nitrogen from the atmosphere!
Read 15 tweets

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