CDC's vaccine advisory committee ACIP met today to advise on J&J pause

After thoughtfully discussing what we know & don't know about rare clotting events, they punted

The advisory committee decided not to advise

This was a mistake. J&J should be un-paused soon

Thread
Initial pause by FDA on Tuesday was a close call

But I supported it

A few days to alert people, begin process of collecting more data, advise physicians -- all made sense

Now advisory panel wants to return in 7 - 10 days to discuss further

The risk-benefit here is all wrong
Nearly all the adverse events are in women 18-49 years old

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST), the clot seen with J&J, is known to be more common in young women

Suggests that young women probably the group at high risk

This actually gave ACIP a smart way forward

2/7
Given that most cases of vaccine-related CVST appears in women

ACIP should have recommended continuing pause for women 18-49 but resuming for everyone else

Keeping vaccine paused for everyone makes little sense

Risk-benefit keeping vaccine paused for everyone WAY off

3/7
But what about the fact that we have Moderna/Pfizer?

They are great. But not easy for everyone.

For many, J&J is a life-saver

Imagine 54 yo male migrant farm worker with diabetes who can't return for a 2nd shot?

Based on what we know today,

Would you give him J&J?

4/7
His risk of getting COVID may be as high as 1 in 1000 per day

His chances of dying of COVID may be 1 in 100

So each unvaccinated day, his risk of death is 1 in 100,000

His life-time risk of CVST from J&J?

WAY less than 1 in million

May be zero

No-brainer. Give him J&J

5/7
ACIP's decision to wait would be fine if there was no pandemic going on

But there is

And waiting 7-10 days won't do much. Not sure what data they will get in that time

But we'll have done real harm to a terrific vaccine particularly well-suited for vulnerable populations

6/7
Good news is that ACIP is just advisory

So FDA/CDC can still move forward and recommend resuming vaccinations for everyone except women 18-49

And for all groups, continue to vigorously, proactively collect data and make changes later if needed

7/8
We’re in a pandemic

Short pause to alert folks is reasonable

Waiting when its unlikely to change what we know is not

J&J highly-effective, safe vaccine with rare side-effects

I'd make it available soon, particularly for those for whom alternatives are not good choices

Fin

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More from @ashishkjha

10 Apr
What's the state of the pandemic in the US?

In last month

B.1.1.7 and other variants have become dominant

90M vaccines have gone into arms

Cases are up about 20%

Here's the key graph for US since Feb 1

Its a Rorschach test

I see it as mostly good news

Thread
Obviously state of pandemic varies widely from state to state (e.g. Michigan)

But here are the 5 largest states in US (by pop)

35% of Americans live here

NY high, slowly drifting down

FL, PA rising slowly

CA, TX low, staying there
And a few other things have happened

77% of people >65 have had at least 1 shot

44% of all adults too

And given this, I think we are likely to avoid a serious 4th wave

That doesn't mean we won't see spikes (see Michigan)

Or that we are at Herd Immunity (we aren't)

3/5
Read 6 tweets
4 Apr
Since January, vaccine demand has outstripped supply

This will soon change

When?

Base on how things are going

By around May 5, every American who wants a shot will have gotten their first

And that's pretty close...and exciting!

So lets do some simple math

Quick thread
There are 255M adults in the US

According to latest @KFF report, 62% of folks have gotten the vaccine or want it ASAP

That's 158 M people

And another 17% want to wait and see = 43M folks

We've already given at least 1 shot to 105M people

2/4

kff.org/report-section…
That leaves 53M folks who want vaccine ASAP but haven't yet gotten it yet

We are vaccinating about 1.7M new folks a day

So on May 5, that should get us to 53M newly vaccinated

It may be a bit later if some of the 43M wait/see folks decide to get vaccinated now

3/4
Read 4 tweets
2 Apr
As we start April, lets make it our transition month

We start with rising cases, deaths

Lets end it with falling infections

By keeping public health measures in place

And vaccinating!

1 in 2 Americans likely has some immunity to SARS-CoV2

By May 1, should be 3 in 5

Thread
50% of Americans with some immunity today?

Seems high, no?

Actually, pretty reasonable

Based on CDC, others, probably 30% of Americans have been infected

And now, about 30% of Americans have at least 1 shot

Assuming random overlap, gets us to about 50% with immunity
This is why our spike in cases much less scary (so far) than that in the EU

Higher population immunity (infections + vax) here blunting a lot of the effect of B.1.1.7

Each week, vaccines add another 2.5% of Americans to pool of folks with some immunity
Read 5 tweets
18 Mar
Over past week, number of infections in U.S. has stopped declining

At about 50K infections every day

About where we were at height of summer surge

Why the stall?

Suspect B.1.1.7 is now starting to really have an effect

And states are opening up

This is a problem

Thread
Problem with national data is it misses underlying state trends

A month ago, every state saw declining cases

Today, 15 states have more cases than 2 weeks ago

19 states have a higher test positivity than 2 weeks ago

And even hospitalizations are inching up in some places

2/6
Not a surprise

B.1.1.7 -- probably represents about 40% of infections in US today

Means about 20,000 infections identified today were likely from B.1.1.7

It will become the dominant variant in next couple of weeks

So what's the problem? Look at Europe

3/6
Read 7 tweets
25 Feb
So far, we've had a lot of great clinical trial data on COVID vaccines

But now, we have a new study from my friend @RanBalicer that examines a simple but critical question

How do these vaccines perform in the real world?

Short answer: fantastic

Thread
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Ran and colleagues from @ClalitHealth looked at about 600K (!!!) vaccinated people and examined how they did against 600K matched controls

There's a lot of interesting stuff here

I'm focusing on effects 7 days after the 2nd dose -- when vaccine has had a chance to work

2/4
First, they found that vaccines reduced ALL infections (not just symptomatic ones) by 92%

That's a big effect -- as good as seen in trials -- and that was for all infections, not just symptomatic ones

Second, hospitalizations from COVID fell 87%

Here's the key point on that
Read 6 tweets
24 Feb
COVID-19 pandemic has changed global public health

It accelerated longstanding trends – from rise of global science to a confident, dynamic Africa

In @foreignaffairs I lay out how US can't just reverse Trumpism

Instead, it must chart a new path

Thread

foreignaffairs.com/articles/unite…
It’ll be tempting for Biden team to pick up where President Obama left off

It won't work

We need to do more than simply reverse the shallow and dangerous Trump-era “America First” approach

In the last 4 years, the world changed

And the pandemic accelerated those change

2/9
3 major factors have caused these major shifts

1. Democratization of knowledge generation & consumption globally

2. Growth of digital technologies that alter global public health

3. Rise of regional organizations like @AfricaCDC, fundamentally changing how GH is governed

3/9
Read 10 tweets

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