On the occasion of #WorldHeritageDay, it’s worthwhile to look into one of the great heritage sites of TN, Vaikuntha Perumal temple in Kanchipuram. Built by Pallavas, this Divya Desam, which is also called as Parameswara Vinnagaram has a set of panels depicting the Pallava History
Let’s look at some of the panels of this 8th century temple. This one illustrates how the Pallava dynasty was started. On the left, Aswathama, one of the warriors in the epic Mahabharata is doing penance & on right his child was put on creepers. The Child was hence named Pallava
Pallavas claim that they are descendants of Aswathama which is confirmed by the above panel.
The below one is Pallava King Kumara Vishnu doing Ashwamedha Yajna, with the horse tied to the Yupa. He ruled from Kanchi and was one of the earliest kings to perform this Yajna in TN.
Pallava dynasty had a set back when Samudragupta ventured south and defeated Pallava king Vishnugopa. Hence this panel is left blank with the king ‘sidelined’. Recording the history as it is, the Pallava style !
Simhavishnu an illustrious king of Pallavas is depicted here. He was the one who revived the dynasty, defeated the Kalabras and established the seat firmly in Kanchipuram. Pallavas had a glorious run for the next few centuries in north TN due to the foundation laid by him
Another great king of Pallavas, Narasimhavarman is seen here with his queens on the left picture. His general Paranjothi, who became Siruthonda Nayanar, is also seen below. On the right, the Vatapai war was depicted where he defeated the Chalukya king Pulakesi & sacked the city
Here is Pallavamallan Nandivarman who rebuilt the temple and also had a longest tenure in the Pallava crown. He is seen sitting on the court and receiving presents & war gifts.
This one completes the history of Pallavas as seen in the panels. A great dynasty of kings they are !
Pic courtesy: Thomas Alexander from FB
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The Guru Pooja (holy remembrance) of the great Shaiva saint, Somasimara Nayanar, is observed today.
Mara Nayanar was born in the sacred town of Thiru Ambar, near Thiruvarur. Following the duties of his lineage, he performed various yagnas (sacrificial rituals), and among them, he was especially renowned for conducting the Soma Yaga. He had a deep desire — that Lord Shiva Himself should appear in person to receive the avirbhagam (a special share of the sacrificial offering).
He thought of approaching Sundarar (Sundaramurthi Nayanar), a close companion of Lord Shiva, to help make this happen. However, at that time, Sundarar was suffering from a severe cough. So, Mara Nayanar began sending him thoodhuvalai keerai (a medicinal herb) every day to help him recover. Sundarar’s illness was eventually cured.
Deeply moved by Mara Nayanar’s service and kindness, Sundarar decided to help him in return. He assured Mara Nayanar that Lord Shiva would indeed appear directly at his next yagna. Overjoyed, Mara Nayanar organized another Soma Yaga. A large crowd gathered. The time arrived for the avirbhagam offering.
At that very moment, a startling sound — damadamadam — was heard. A person playing a drum entered the yagna hall, accompanied by four dogs. With him was his wife carrying a pot of liquor, their two children, and on his shoulder, the carcass of a dead calf. They headed straight toward the yagnashala (ritual space). Seeing this group, the assembled people frowned in disgust.
Declaring that the ritual was defiled, they fled the scene. But Mara Nayanar was unshaken. He respectfully greeted the group and offered them the sacred yagna food.
கீழடி ஆய்வறிக்கை தொடர்பான சர்ச்சையில் அது ‘தமிழர்களின் தொன்மையை மறைக்கும் மத்திய அரசின் முயற்சி’ என்ற அபத்தமான கருத்து பரப்பப்பட்டு வருகிறது. இதில் சிறிதளவு கூட உண்மை இல்லை என்பது கொஞ்சம் சிந்தித்தாலே தெரிந்துவிடும்.
பாரதப் பிரதமர் மோடி அவர்கள், செல்லும் இடங்களில் எல்லாம் தமிழ் ஒரு தொன்மையான மொழி என்று கூறி வருகிறார். அமெரிக்கா, சிங்கப்பூர், ஃபிஜி என்று பல இடங்களிலும் தமிழுக்கான இருக்கை மத்திய அரசால் அமைக்கப்பட்டுள்ளது. அப்படியிருக்க, ‘தமிழின் தொன்மையை மறைப்பது’ பாரதப் பிரதமரும் மத்திய அரசும் கூறிவரும் செய்திகளுக்கே முரணாக ஆகாதா. மேலும்
கீழடி என்பது சங்ககாலத்தைச் சேர்ந்த இடம் என்று அந்த அறிக்கையிலேயே உள்ளது. சங்ககாலம் என்பது வெறும் கீழடி மட்டுமல்ல. அக்காலத்தைச் சேர்ந்த புறநானூறு, அகநானூறு, மதுரைக் காஞ்சி போன்ற இலக்கியங்கள் கொண்டதே சங்ககாலம். அதன் தொன்மை பல்வேறு ஆய்வாளர்களால் ஏற்கனவே ஒப்புக்கொள்ளப்பட்ட நிலையில், கீழடி அறிக்கையை மட்டும் மறைப்பதன் மூலம் தமிழரின் தொன்மை மறைந்துவிடுமா. என்ன அபத்தம் இது.
போலவே ‘வேதநாகரிகத்திற்கு முந்தையது கீழடி நாகரிகம்’ என்பதற்கும் எந்த ஆதாரமும் இல்லை. மாக்ஸ் முல்லர் போன்றவர்களே வேதநாகரிகம் பொயுமு 1500 என்று முதலில் சொல்லிவிட்டு அதன்பின் அதற்கும் முந்தையது வேதநாகரிகம் என்று பல்டியடித்துவிட்டார். அண்மையில் வானியலை ஆதாரமாகக் கொண்ட ஆய்வுகள் வேதநாகரிகத்தை இன்னும் சில ஆயிரக்கணக்கான ஆண்டுகள் முன்பு வரை கொண்டு சென்றிருக்கின்றன. கீழடி ஆய்வறிக்கை குறிப்பிடுவது அதன் காலம் பொயுமு 600 என்று. இத்தனை நூற்றாண்டுகள் இடைவெளியை வைத்துக்கொண்டு கீழடி வேதநாகரிகத்துக்கு முற்பட்டது என்று கதைகட்டுவதெல்லாம் நகைப்புக்குரியது.
Today the Chithirai Ther (Chariot) festival is happening in Srirangam. The entire festival is called as ‘Viruppan Thirunal’. Who is this Viruppan ? Why the festival is named after him ? Read on.
We know that the invasion of Ulugh Khan devastated the Srirangam temple. After Kumara Kampanna regained Tamil Nadu in 1371, his commander Gopanna brought Namperumal back to Srirangam. However, it took 12 years to repair the ruined temple completely.
Viruppanna Udaiyar, the son of Harihara II of Vijayanagara Empire, undertook this temple renovation work. For that purpose, he performed a Tulabharam (a ritual weighing oneself against gold) and donated 17,000 gold coins and 52 villages. During his reign, the Thousand-Pillar Mandapam, which was destroyed by Ulugh Khan, was rebuilt.
Today is the birthday of “Original Thala”, the great Pandya King Jatavarman Sundara Pandiyan. He was born on Chittirai - Mula Nakshatra. He was an excellent warrior and also a Dharmic King. One day he went to have a Darshan of Sri Ranganathar. That time Bhattacharyas were performing Abhishekam to Ranaganatha.
It is a usual practice to collect the holy water in a pot and distribute it to the devotees after the Abhishekam. However, they forgot to bring that pot on that day. Without hesitating for a moment , Sundara Pandya gave his crown to collect the holy water and asked the Bhattars to distribute it.. Even now Bhattars say ‘Sundarapandiam Pidithel’ to mark that occasion. He had donated a brilliant Pandyan Kondai to Sri Ranaganatha and gold plated the Vimana of the temple.
His rule enhanced the five Yajnas performed by Vedic Brahmins and Six Vedangas. He glorified both Tamil and Sanskrit, Dharma taught by Vedas and Manusmriti.
This is one of the largest inscriptions in Sanskrit in Tamil Nadu, inscribed by himin the east wall of the second prakara of Srirangam temple. Written using Grantha alphabet and flanked by the twin Fish symbol of Pandyas, it has thirty Sanskrit verses detailing the history of the great Pandya King.
Today is the Thiru Nakshatram of Vaishnava saint Kulasekara Alwar, who was one of the first kings of the Perumal dynasty who ruled the Chera country. He belonged to 8th century and considered as the contemporary of Pandya king Parantaka Nedunjadaiyan.
There are many inscriptions about him at various temples. Notable among them is in Srirangam temple. The Kulothunga I period inscription mentions about the grants given “while Namperumal was seated at the shadow of Thiruppunai tree and listening to the Thettarum Thiral song of Sri Kulasekara Alwar”
தேட்டு அருந் திறல்-தேனினைத் தென் அரங்கனைத் திருமாது வாழ்
வாட்டம் இல் வனமாலை மார்வனை வாழ்த்தி மால்கொள் சிந்தையராய்
ஆட்டம் மேவி அலந்து அழைத்து அயர்வு-எய்தும் மெய்யடியார்கள்தம்
ஈட்டம் கண்டிடக் கூடுமேல் அது காணும் கண் பயன் ஆவதே
Another inscription about him at Tirupati, during the reign of Vijayanaraga king Chaluva Narasimha says a Vigraha of Kulasekara Alwar was installed at the Govindaraja temple and grants were made to perform poojas
Today is the Guru Pooja of Ko Chenganan, a Chola king and a Saiva Saint. He was instrumental in building a number of temples in Tamilagam. Thirunavukkarasar says he built more than seventy temples, a fact corroborated by Thirumangai Alwar as below
இருக்கிலங்கு திருமொழிவாய் எண்தோள் ஈசற்கு எழில்மாடம் எழுபதுசெய்(து)உலகம் ஆண்ட திருக்குலத்து வளச்சோழன்
In his previous birth, he was born as a spider and used to weave a canopy above a Shivalinga to provide the shade. An elephant which does Pooja to the Shivalinga, thought the web was desecrating the Lord and removed it. Both of them fought and lost their lives.
Due to the memory of the previous birth, Ko Chenganan built all his temples as ‘Mada Kovil’, with lot of steps so that elephants can’t enter the sanctum.
The above legend was mentioned in a number of Chola inscriptions and literary sources. The Velanjeri copper plate inscriptions of Parantaka Chola says.
“A spider used the threads from its mouth to weave a beautiful canopy for Lord Shiva, who had adorned the moon on his head. Pleased by the spider’s devotion, the Lord blessed it to be reborn as the great Chola king, Kochengat Cholan.”