I’ve been (rental) house hunting for the last couple of months. I don’t really know anything about real estate investing, but I’ve been trying to read up (John T. Reed’s Best Practices for the Intelligent Real Estate Investor is my favorite so far).
It’s been interesting seeing the market and how homes are priced.
Factors which the market seems to price really efficiently include:
-Square footage
-Neighborhood
-Amenities/Finishes
-View
However, there are a lot of factors that (in my experience) have very high quality of life implications and basically don’t seem priced in at all.
The first one is natural light .
There is fairly clear research that natural light affects mood, but a dark house doesn’t get any discount
The second is Intra-neighborhood location - Broadly, neighborhoods seem to have a comp but location within that neighborhood doesn’t seem to matter much
However, there is an exponential decay function of how often you will use it based on walk time - something that is 3 minutes away will get used 10x something 15 minutes away - and this doesn’t seem priced in at all.
Design - a house beautifully designed by an architect will be priced the same as a cookie-cutter house thrown up by a developer that is stamping out properties without much thought or consideration.
The process has made me think more about the idea of efficient markets.
The strict version of the efficient market hypothesis is obviously wrong and no one outside the halls of academia considers it.
However, it’s usually a good starting point.
If you stumble on what looks like a great opportunity that the market is ignoring, 99 times out of 100, the market as a whole knows something you don’t. So it’s good to start with the assumption that markets are efficient and then work to disprove that on a case-by-case basis.
The 1 out of 100 times that you really did identify an inefficiency are worth a lot.
They are what Peter Thiel refers to as secrets - things you believe to be true that few others do - and are often the basis for the most profitable “trades” whether that’s an actual trade, starting a business, or positioning yourself in your career.
One interesting place where I think markets are often inefficient is what I call The Illegible Margin.
Things that are easy to measure and put into an Excel spreadsheet tend to get priced pretty efficiently.Thing that are hard to measure often get ignored.
In the case of residential housing: natural light and design are both very hard to quantify and I think that leads to them largely being ignored.
(The lack of pricing intra-neighborhood seems driven by most people in the U.S. driving instead of walking places so people don’t really care about walking distance).
In the context of careers, new industries tend to be mispriced because the path isn’t very legible.
I started learning about Search Engine Optimization (SEO) in 2011 and that was how I got my first job.
At the time, I couldn’t even explain to my parents what SEO was. There certainly weren’t any degrees or formal credentials, everyone in the field was self-taught.
It wasn’t a particularly bold or savvy bet on my part.
By 2011, it was pretty clear that search engines weren’t going anywhere and that more and more businesses would rely on them to acquire customers.
It was just illegible and so the competition relative to the demand made it easier to break in and grow quickly.
What opportunities do you see that might be mispriced because of the The Illegible Margin? That’s usually where the best investments are.
The way you get rich has changed as technology has evolved.
"In 1960, most of the people who start startups today would have [[gotten a job]]. You could get rich from starting your own company in 1890 and in 2020, but in 1960 it was not really a viable option."
The labor market, like any other market, is dynamic.
Just because something worked for a prior generation, doesn't mean it will work for the next.
If anything, it is less likely.
In financial markets, the best performing strategy over the past 20 years is usually one of the poorest performing strategies over the next 20 because it gets crowded and returns deteriorate.
They touch on
-Why US stocks looked so unattractive just before their largest bull run
-The danger of stock/bond correlation
-The Sharpe ratio of your fire insurance
"In 1983 when I had some money from my computer software business, I look back at Track Records and the stock market was completely unchanged in real terms for a dozen years.
And I just like why would anybody invest in the stock market? I want to be in the bond market."
"My whole career, until recently, has been spent in a falling rate environment. And it's only now that we're starting to see the potential for bonds and stocks and moving the same direction.
And that throws off this whole 60/40 idea that you should have stocks and bonds and...
1/ One lesson I learned from sports is that the best way to be good at a thing is to do a lot of that specific thing.
This seems very obvious but often people don't do it.
2/ In the case of sports, lifting weights and being in good shape can help you be good at basketball, but the person who is less in shape but plays a lot of basketball will be better.
3/ I went to high school with a few people that went on to play D1 sports (one went pro) and none of them really spent a lot of time in the weight room, but they practiced their sport a ton.
I had a friend in college that I used to get in big debates with about all sorts of topics, mostly religion, economics, and evolution.
He was religious, had studied Austrian economics, and doubtful of natual selection.
I was on the opposite side of nearly all those issues.
We had very different view points but it was really rewarding to talk with him because, though I disagreed with him, his opinions were well thought out.
If anything, it was frustrating because I wanted to “prove” I was right and never could.
We are still friends and it’s been interesting that over time, our views have somewhat converged or at least grown more nuanced and moderate.
I appreciate the role of religion more and have a deeper appreciation for the Austrian school.