The exile ANC overestimated the importance of ideology and policy. It underestimated the importance of institutions
Functioning institutions are the key to development, but they are fragile
Erwin Schwella observes that we underestimated the complexity of the transition from the apartheid era public service
At Mount Grace conference the need for professionalization, a value driven public service, and a development oriented state were all broadly embraced
We need better analysis of how we ended up here
Khaya Ngema argues that we must take seriously the sector-specific character of the public service (or the "public services")
We should consider customising public service conditions by sector, for example focusing on specific professions in particular sectors
It was for this reason that Occupation Specific Dispensations (OSD) rightly arose
And this needs to be revisited and taken further
Khaya Ngema points to extremely rapid turnover of senior public servants, for example in the Forum of SA Directors General
We need to move towards permanent appointments
We need to disaggregate (i) the transition from an apartheid civil service from (ii) the issue of affirmative action and (iii) the issue of political appointments. These are three separate issues which must be dealt with in isolation from each other