The precautionary principle (or precautionary approach) is a broad epistemological, philosophical and legal approach to innovations with potential for causing harm when extensive scientific knowledge on the matter is lacking.🕵🏻♂️
It emphasizes caution, pausing and review before leaping into new innovations that may prove disastrous. Critics argue that it is vague, self-cancelling, unscientific and an obstacle to progress.🕵🏻♂️
For example, forbidding nuclear power plants based on concerns about low-probability high-impact risks means continuing to rely on power plants that burn fossil fuels, which continue to release greenhouse gases and thousands of certain deaths from air pollution.🕵🏻♂️
When emotions get involved, we neglect probability altogether.💁♂️✅🕵🏻♂️
Because the availability heuristic, also known as availability bias, is a mental shortcut that relies on immediate examples that come to a given person's mind when evaluating a specific topic, concept, method or decision.
Subsequently, under the availability heuristic, people tend to heavily weigh their judgments toward more recent information, making new opinions biased toward that latest news.
All of these concepts can be readily applied to the continued approach to COVID-19.✅✅✅
The suppression of DDT has resulted in thousands of deaths from malaria. The risks from DDT were considerably less, but Silent Spring was an emotional book, so, DDT was banned.🕵🏻♂️🕵🏻♂️🕵🏻♂️🤷🏼♂️
The Precautionary Principle is the first chapter of San Francisco's Environment Code, which authorizes the City to identify products, ingredients, and activities that may harm human health or the environment. 😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂😂
We live in a world now, where people count their own personal anxiety as a real measurable cost, and not as the wildly irrational phantasm that it truly is. We legislate based on group hallucinations, caused by people that really just need more sleep and a walk in the park.🕵🏻♂️
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Listening to an economist talk about how recycling has always been a religious ritual. 💁♂️✅ #EconTalk 😂
The things that we “recycle” are in fact by any definition garbage, and it costs more in resources and energy to turn it into anything useful than just throwing away. The only gain is moral superiority.
If “recycling” had any real worth, then we would be paid for the goods that we leave on the curb. Truth is, most all of the so-called recycled goods also end up in a landfill because there is no profit in it.
The siren suit was invented by Winston Churchill as an original leisure suit in the 1930s. He played a large part in popularising it as an item of clothing during World War II, wearing it regularly, including when meeting VIP’s such as Roosevelt, Eisenhower,and Stalin.
The suit solved the problems of warmth and modesty encountered when seeking shelter during nighttime air raids in the United Kingdom during World War II. It was roomy and could be put on over night clothes quickly when an imminent air raid was announced by the sirens.🕵🏻♂️🕵🏻♂️🕵🏻♂️
Siren suits were constructed in a loose-cut design, with zippered or button closures, an optional belt, and large simple pockets. The suits were made of many fabrics, most typically wool, cotton, or other materials available under clothing rationing.
Did you know that this flag raising was actually....take 2?🕵🏻♂️🕵🏻♂️🕵🏻♂️ As the first flag went up, Secretary of the Navy James Forrestal had just landed on the beach at the foot of Mount Suribachi and decided that he wanted the flag as a souvenir.
In the early afternoon, Johnson sent Pfc. Rene Gagnon, a runner (messenger) from his battalion for E Company, to take a larger flag up the volcano to replace the smaller and less visible flag.
The replacement flag was attached to another and heavier section of water pipe and six Marines proceeded to raise it into place as the smaller flag was taken down and delivered to the battalion's headquarters down below.
Joseph Warren “Vinegar Joe” Stilwell (March 19, 1883 – October 12, 1946) was a United States Army general who served in the China Burma India Theater during World War II. Pictures with the Chiang’s.🕵🏻♂️
George Marshall, in his biennial report covering the period of July 1, 1943 to June 30, 1945, acknowledged he had given Stilwell "one of the most difficult" assignments of any theater commander.
Arriving in Burma just in time to experience the collapse of the Allied defense of that country, Stilwell personally led his staff of 117 men and women out of Burma into Assam, India on foot, marching at what his men called the "Stilwell stride" – 105 paces per minute.
The Japanese invasion of Manchuria began on 18 September 1931, when the Kwantung Army of the Empire of Japan invaded Manchuria immediately following the Mukden Incident.
At war’s end in February of 1932, the Japanese established the puppet state of Manchukuo. Their occupation lasted until the success of the Soviet Union and Mongolia with the Manchurian Strategic Offensive Operation in mid-August of 1945.
Special Japanese military units conducted experiments on civilians and POWs in Manchukuo. One of the most infamous was Unit 731. Victims were subjected to vivisection without anesthesia, and were used to test biological weapons, among other experiments.
Kamikaze (神風, [kamiꜜkaze]; "divine wind" or "spirit wind"), were a part of the Japanese Special Attack Units of military aviators who flew suicide attacks for the Empire of Japan against Allied naval vessels in the closing stages of the Pacific campaign of World War II.
About 3,800 kamikaze pilots died during the war, and more than 7,000 naval personnel were killed by kamikaze attacks.
About 19% of kamikaze attacks were successful. Kamikaze attacks were more accurate than conventional attacks, and often caused more damage. Some kamikazes were able to hit their targets even after their aircraft were crippled.