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Marina Amaral

11 May, 9 tweets, 4 min read

#OnThisDay in 1960, Adolf Eichmann, one of the major organizers of the Holocaust, is captured in Argentina.

"I will leap into my grave laughing because the feeling that I have 5 million human beings on my conscience is for me a source of extraordinary satisfaction."

Eichmann headed the Gestapo Department IV B4 for Jewish Affairs, serving as a self-proclaimed 'Jewish specialist'. He was the man responsible for keeping the trains rolling from all over Europe to death camps during the Final Solution. bit.ly/3y4TDAE

He drew up the idea of deportation of Jews into ghettos, and went about concentrating Jews in isolated areas with murderous efficiency. bit.ly/3y1F68N

Photo: Eichmann and members of the Gestapo, before a raid on the Jewish Community Center, Vienna, 1938.

When Eichmann arrived in Argentina in 1950, he lived for almost three years in a quiet town near Buenos Aires called San Fernando, where he worked in a metal factory. bit.ly/3ey3F5D

Photo: Red Cross passport for "Ricardo Klement", used by Eichmann to enter Argentina.

The Mossad agents that captured him arrived in April in Argentina and observed his routine for many days, noting that he arrived home from work by bus at about the same time every evening. They planned to seize him when he was walking from the bus stop to his house.

Three agents wrestled Eichmann to the ground and, after a struggle, moved him to a car where they hid him on the floor under a blanket. Eichmann was taken to one of several Mossad safe houses that had been set up by the team.

Near midnight on 20 May, Eichmann was sedated by an Israeli doctor on the Mossad team and dressed as a flight attendant. He was smuggled out of Argentina aboard the same El Al Bristol Britannia aircraft that had carried Israel's delegation a few days earlier.

On 15 December 1961, Eichmann was sentenced to death by hanging. bit.ly/3vYZ5U0

"To sum it all up, I must say that I regret nothing."- while awaiting trial in Israel, as quoted in LIFE magazine.

(Hell is not bad enough for this piece of crap).

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8 May

#OnThisDay in 1886, pharmacist John Pemberton first sells a carbonated beverage named "Coca-Cola" as a patent medicine.

In April 1865, Dr. Pemberton sustained a saber wound to the chest during the Battle of Columbus. He soon became addicted to the morphine used to ease his pain. In 1866, seeking a cure for his addiction, he began to experiment with painkillers...

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After a few attempts, he began experimenting with coca and coca wines, eventually creating a recipe that contained extracts of kola nut and damiana, which he called Pemberton's French Wine Coca.

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Mary Kenner was an inventor most noted for her development of the sanitary belt, also known as a menstrual pad. Racial discrimination caused her patent to be prevented for thirty years.

Kenner never made any money from the sanitary belt, because her patent expired and...

... became public domain, allowing it to be manufactured freely.

In an interview, she said, "one day I was contacted by a company that expressed an interest in marketing my idea. I was so jubilant ... I saw houses, cars, and everything about to come to my way."

"Sorry to say, when they found out I was black, their interest dropped. The representative went back to New York and informed me the company was no longer interested."

Between 1956 and 1987 Kenner received five total patents for her household and personal item creations.

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Henry O. Flipper died #OnThisDay in 1940.

He was an American soldier, engineer, formerly enslaved, who in 1877, became the first African American to graduate from the US Military Academy at West Point, earning a commission as a second lieutenant in the United States Army.

After his commissioning, he was assigned to one of the all-black regiments in the U.S. Army, which were historically led by white officers. Flipper served with distinction during the Apache Wars and the Victorio Campaign, but was haunted by rumors alleging improprieties.

Eventually, he was court-martialed and dismissed from the U.S. Army.

In 1994, his descendants applied to the U.S. military for a review of Flipper's court-martial and dismissal. A review found the conviction and punishment were "unduly harsh and unjust"...

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#OnThisDay in 1945, World War II: German ship "Cap Arcona" laden with prisoners from Nazi concentration camps is sunk by the Royal Air Force in the East Sea. 5,800 killed. This was one of the largest single-incident maritime losses of life in the Second World War.

For weeks after the attack, bodies of victims washed ashore, where they were collected and buried in mass graves at Neustadt in Holstein, Scharbeutz and Timmendorfer Strand.

Parts of skeletons washed ashore over the next 30 years, with the last find in 1971.

RAF Pilot Allan Wyse of No. 193 Squadron recalled, "We used our cannon fire at the chaps in the water... we shot them up with 20 mm cannons in the water. Horrible thing, but we were told to do it and we did it. That's war."

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2 May

Colorized by me: Queen Victoria's coffin in the Albert Memorial Chapel, Windsor Castle, 1901.
Photographer unknown. 🇬🇧

Victoria died of a cerebral haemorrhage.

In one of her last diary entries on 4 January 1901, she wrote: "From not having been well, I see so badly, which is very tiresome."