56 years ago, May 21 1965, the first Vietnam Day, a 35-hour teach-in on the Vietnam War, began in Berkeley. The event was organized by the Vietnam Day Committee, a direct outgrowth of the Free Speech Movement led by activist Jerry Rubin
Some 35,000 people attended the teach-in. Anti-war speakers included Staughton Lynd, Bob Scheer, Dr. Benjamin Spock, and FSM leader Mario Savio. Despite the event's anti-war stance, it featured some speakers who supported the war, such as Cal professor Aaron Wildavsky
Vietnam Day was made possible by the gains won by the Free Speech Movement, which opened space for free political speech on campus which would have previously been barred. VDC drew links between the civil rights movement, campus struggles, and the war
Radicals, such as self-described "Castroist" Jerry Rubin, played leading roles in VDC. Also involved were the Communist Party's Du Bois Clubs, Students for a Democratic Society, Young Socialist Alliance, and Maoist organization the Progressive Labor Party
The event also featured music by folk singer Phil Ochs and jazz musician Philly Joe Jones, as well as a performance of Bertolt Brecht's "The Exception and the Rule" by the San Francisco Mime Troupe
Vietnam Day inspired similar teach-ins and protests at campuses across the country, leading to a dramatic expansion in the youth anti-war movement. It also signaled a growing militancy on the part of Berkeley activists, who would soon engage in violent confrontations over the war
Prophetically, Staughton Lynd's speech ended: "The natives here at home are restless, too. And maybe there should be a contingency plan to keep some of the Marines here to deal with us." Four years later, Berkeley would be under National Guard occupation
42 years ago, May 21 1979, over a dozen cop cars burned as thousands marched and rioted in San Francisco after word broke that Dan White received the most lenient verdict for murdering George Moscone and Harvey Milk. The evening would become known as the White Night riots
Once the verdict was announced several hundred gathered in the Castro to chants of "No justice, no peace" and "Out of the bars, into the streets." After a moving speech from Cleve Jones, friend and student intern of Milk, a march and candlelight vigil was led to city hall
By the time the march reached city hall thousands had joined the crowd and new chants emerged: "Kill Dan White" and "Dump Diane." As cops arrived to city hall, many of whom had contributed to White's defense fund, the crowd began smashing windows of the hall and battling pigs
52 years ago, May 20 1969, thousands of protesters marched through UC Berkeley to honor James Rector, a bystander who had been killed by police the previous week in a conflict over People's Park, when they were teargassed by a National Guard helicopter deployed by Governor Reagan
Following the killing of Rector, who had only been visiting friends when police opened fire, National Guard flooded into town, where they acted as an occupying force. A demonstration was organized to mourn Rector's death, and the Guard swiftly corralled it into Sproul Plaza
Trapped in Sproul Plaza, the demonstrators were teargassed along with a large number of bystanders. The gas burned the skin of swimmers in Strawberry Canyon almost a mile away
32 years ago, May 19 1989, thousands gathered in Berkeley to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the People's Park movement, leading to a riot in which anarchists and homeless clashed with police, and a number of Telegraph Ave businesses were smashed up, burned, and looted
Many participants had come to the Bay Area for an anarchist convention in San Francisco. They crossed the bay for a celebration of People's Park and a demonstration to "defend" Telegraph Ave, once a center of local radical activity, from rapid gentrification
The demonstration was led by black-clad anarchists who, in an early use of "black bloc" tactics in the United States, smashed shop windows and destroyed a Coca-Cola delivery truck. One police sergeant remarked: "They won. They proved they can take the streets by force"