Benoy Shah MD Profile picture
May 22, 2021 14 tweets 5 min read Read on X
1/ I know some of us have already had a brief discussion about this, but this is the most astonishing presentation I have seen in a long time.

We should discuss!

I must stress, I have *not* seen the actual presentation, I've seen the slides & write up on TCTMD only
2/ This study is derived from the TVT registry, looking at TAVIs with the Sapien 3/Ultra between 2015-2020

Of 159661 TAVIs, 37660 were in low risk patients (STS score <3%) & 3243 had bicuspid AV. They've propensity score matched to compare TAVI in BAV vs trileaflet AV valves
3/ Almost all the BAV pts made it into the propensity score-matched group (3168/3243 = 97.7%)

Mean age 69yrs
Mean STS score 1.7%
Mean LVEF 57%
4/ Procedural and in-hospital outcomes...
5/ This is an important slide

At 1yr, the mortality in the group with trileaflet aortic valves was 6.6%

6.6%. Think about that. *Low-risk* cohort. Mean age 69.

PARTNER 3 1yr mortality? 1%
6/ More outcomes here

Pts with BAV were more likely to need re-intervention within 1yr than those with tricuspid AV (1.16% vs 0.43%)
7/ The conclusion slide is a masterclass in spin

It's insightful how they've chosen to focus on certain aspects of the data & completely ignore other aspects
8/ Here, I've created a possible alternative Conclusions slide!

Negative spin, I hear you say!

But, still in line with the data presented, yes?

Surely the right approach is somewhere in between these 2 extremes?
9/ The presentation was covered in detail by @ToddNeale for @TCTMD - a great write-up with lots of detail from Todd...but I can't agree with the positivity in the title or lack of a counterview in the article!

Even more alarming, a hint RCTs not needed?
10/ Final thoughts?

1. Amazed that TAVI in BAV in younger, low risk pts is taking place (yes, even in 🇺🇸) without any proper evidence that it's the right thing to do, or equivalent to surgery. In the absence of such data, would love to know how ICs consented these patients...
11/

Look at how different real-world TAVI outcomes are compared to the strictly controlled environment of a RCT...6.6% mortality at 1yr in low-risk patients. Just dreadful.

Admittedly we don't know causes of death, but it's so much worse than trial data
12/

The spin on the final slide is depressing. That's the best word for me. It's disingenuous to ignore the other points that merit discussion. And to suggest this can now be done in select patients...? No! We did trials that excluded these pts for a reason
Now we study them...
13/ Finally. I'm an imaging cardiologist, neither IC nor surgeon so I'm not favouring one over another. I favour being honest & doing things the right way, and this doesn't sit well with me. At all

Would love to know what you all think. But - ICs & surgeons - keep it civil! 😁
14/ PS - usual caveat. I'm not a luddite! Not anti-Industry or anti-progress. I run our @UHS_valveclinic from which I refer patients for TAVI consideration almost every week.

I think it is possible to be pro-innovation and pro-proper science at the same time

#cardiotwitter

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More from @dr_benoy_n_shah

Mar 17
*Mitral valve assessment by TTE*

Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), when performed with care and diligence, can reveal a lot about the valve. TOE isn't necessary in all cases to determine leaflet pathology.

A worked example below:
In the PLAX view, you can assess the scallops of the leaflets

In a true PLAX view with aortic valve clearly visible, you mostly see the A2-P2 interface. Here, you can see a clear & large prolapse of the posterior leaflet
If you tilt upwards towards the PLAX RV outflow (pulmonary valve) view you see mostly the A1-P1 interface

Here, you can see the valve looks slightly different & no prolapse is seen
Read 17 tweets
Feb 29
Good teaching case for Fellows from a recent emergency scan

Happy heart or unhappy heart?

What can you deduce from these spectral Doppler traces of mitral (left) and tricuspid regurgitation (right)?

#echofirst #cardiotwitter #ACCFIT
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Lots of excellent replies. A lot of information to glean from 'just' the CW Doppler traces

The ECG is broad and with a pacing spike just before the QRS complex...so a pacemaker is in situ

MR trace: faint, not severe MR by jet density

But look at the MR Vmax, not even 4m/s!

1/
MR Vmax is normally 5-6m/s in normal LV function.

If the Vmax is a low as this, it either reflects a weak LV, or very high left atrial pressure...or both. It's often both

So the MR CW Doppler suggests:

a) significant LV dysfunction
b) non-severe MR

2/
Read 5 tweets
Dec 16, 2023
As we approach the end of 2023, what was the most important paper you read this year?

Mine wasn't in cardiology

I think this went under the radar a little, but it shouldn't have...the impact of private equity (PE) takeovers in healthcare

An end-of-year 🧵
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Before going further, we should clarify what PE actually is. Now, I am NOT a financial expert at all, but here goes...!

PE is essentially the investment of capital (equity) into a private (non-public listed) company or business. Read this for more 👇🏽

hbr.org/2007/09/the-st…
PE has garnered a reputation for huge profits as they typically buy into a company, aggressively ⬇️ costs whilst ⬆️ profit margins, leverage debt if needed, and then sell, often at a large profit

Does this matter when it comes to delivering healthcare services?
Read 15 tweets
Oct 11, 2023
Sixty years ago this month - October 1963 - US cardiologist Dr Robert Bruce published a paper detailing his efforts to devise a multi-stage treadmill test

Little did he know this would go on to become the Bruce protocol the most widely used for exercise testing

A thread...
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Prior to this, 'stress testing' to evaluate cardiac function was performed using the Masters 2-step technique, first described in 1935. This crude but simple test involved repeated steps up & down over 90 seconds

sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
Bruce, amongst others, recognized the limitations of this test & set about developing an exercise treadmill test

His initial work focused upon a single stage protocol, but he soon realized this wasn't stressing fitter patients enough & the test was taking too long!

Image
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Read 12 tweets
Sep 11, 2023
Thank you Denisa for sharing our Discussion Forum piece recently published in EHJ CVS Img

It's something that I've thought about a lot in recent years, so finally decided to put thoughts down on paper!

A brief 🧵...
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We know now that it is perfectly possible for symptomatic individuals to have abnormal stress tests, with inducible ischaemia, but not have significant epicardial CAD on angiography

So we should stop using epicardial CAD as the arbiter of whether the test is 'right' or 'wrong'
I helped recruit patients for #ISCHEMIA between 2012-13; we saw at least a dozen patients with barn door (core lab verified) abnormal stress tests but normal coronaries on angiography

Here is just one example! Rest on left, stress (exercise) on right...
Read 5 tweets
Jul 5, 2023
Today – July 5th 2023 – marks exactly 75 years since the National Health Service (NHS) was established in 🇬🇧

Long admired around the 🌍for its free-at-the-point-of-care principle, today the NHS is itself on life support

Let us remind ourselves how the NHS came to be

#NHS

1/ Image
The establishment of the NHS was the culmination of attempts to provide healthcare services to Britain’s citizens for at least a century

The designers of the NHS did not start with a clean slate - the service was a rationalisation of services that already existed

#NHS75

2/
In the early 20th century, medical wards were full of patients with pneumococcal pneumonia, lung abscess, acute nephritis, rheumatic heart disease, TB, syphilis & brucellosis. Treatment was often based on good nursing & bed rest with barbiturate sedation at night.

#NHS75

3/ Image
Read 26 tweets

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