They use a measure which builds on my work with @jmparman on segregation using next door neighbors. This paper links it to voting information. In this project they find that white exposure to Black neighbors in 1940 increases the likelihood of being a Democrat decades later.
When I see papers using variants of our measure I’m always reminded that it comes from my paternal grandmother, who was prevented from going to school beyond 6th grade because there was no secondary school for Black people in her county.
Already, my grandmother with her segregated 6th grade education has contributed more to social science than most PhDs can hope to attain. What more could she, her children, and others in her family have accomplished without racism?
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Note that the two white students demanded to be rewarded for taking *less* demanding courses. If this were reversed I seriously doubt the Black students would have been awarded honors. The low standards of white mediocrity strike Black excellence again! nytimes.com/2021/06/11/us/…
I have the research of @JessicaCalarco in mind in reading this. Both of the white students came from well-connected families, and her work shied that these families get schools to align policies to their desired outcomes, which favor their children. This is one example.
We cannot talk about inequality in schools without mentioning the ways that some parents create systems which exacerbate existing racial and economic inequality. Black students and their parents are given short shrift as schools bend over backwards for white families.
Economics publishing is a mess. Add in the marginalization of Black scholars (and the strategic attempts to block Black scholars from publishing) and that explains a large part of the profession’s terrible race research in the “Top 5” journals. I have no top 5 publications.
As @ProfKori has noted, to publish as a Black economist in the top 5 requires the approval of an all all-white group of reviewers. But these scholars have shown who they are and what they value given their bias against Black scholarship. So, I forge ahead in the Black tradition.
I have a personal and professional history which gives me the strength to know who and what my research is for. It is not for the mainstream of the White-supremacist oriented economics profession. It acknowledges the humanity of Black people and respects them. That is my work.
I no longer watch videos of police killing Black men, but I read the report. My take: #AndreMauriceHill should still be alive if we had public safety instead of publicly financed killing squads targeting Black men. They killed him and showed no regard for this life. 1/N
Every single police officer who was there before the medics arrived should be under arrest. Officer Adam Coy shot #AndreHill for no reason and then every officer stood there and let him die. Is this public safety? Is this even basic competence as police? 2/N
The fact that the officers yelled at #AndreHill to roll over and put his hands up after they shot him tells me everything I need to know. The mythology of the threatening Black man is maintained after being shot in cold blood, unarmed. It’s sick, and typical police behavior. 3/N
For all of the bogus 401k and economic growth arguments people are making to justify their voting decisions: “Since 1945, GDP grew by an average of 4.1% under Democrats, compared with 2.5% under Republicans.”
“Since 1945, the S&P 500 has averaged an annual gain of 11.2% during years when Democrats controlled the White House, well ahead of the 6.9% average gain under Republicans.”
“During the first year of a Democratic presidential term, the S&P 500 has climbed an average of 16.7%, compared with 0.4% for Republicans.”
There is overwhelming evidence that Black men were threatened with loss of wages and any employment in their local area if they voted at all. See Foner, Hahn and @SandyDarity and @IrstenKMullen. Making the exception the rule is not historically accurate.
Black male politicians were strongly motivated by efforts to (1) educate black people—men and women and (2) redistribute wealth in the South. Their egalitarian interest stood in stark contrast to white men and women. I show that in my research here cambridge.org/core/journals/…
They paid with their lives. Black men who advocated for these policies literally paid with their lives. In the areas where they were successful they were attacked violently for wanting racial equality. I show that here nber.org/papers/w26014
"You Can't Be What You Can't See" is a popular phrase we use to talk about the importance of mentoring and role models for women and underrepresented minorities in certain fields. I'm here to argue that the phrase is pure crap, is ahistorical, and actually harmful 1/N
The implicit assumption behind the phrase is that women and underrepresented minorities need role models to envision themselves doing certain things (STEM major, college graduate, etc.). This implies that these groups are inherently imitative-- they'll do as they are shown 2/N
Notice the language we use about white male innovators: bold, imaginative, groundbreaking, visionary. All of that language is about new ways of doing. Clearly, there was never an example to follow. They are allowed to be innovators and reimagine things, others need examples 3/N