This is a short thread on Japanese bulldozers in WW2.
There weren't many & they were small
My copy of Rikugun. Volume 2: Weapons of the Imperial Japanese Army & Navy Ground Forces 1937 - 1945 does not show a single Japanese bulldozer design. 1/
There are a few hints about them on the internet.
In December 1942, the Imperial Japanese Navy commissioned Komatsu to produce heavy earthmovers for the purpose of building air bases.
Even a "small" American D-4 Caterpillar tractor with bulldozer blade was massing 10 tons.
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The Imperial Japanese Navy's Komatsu bulldozer was slightly more, mass-wise, at 5,000 kg than a Caterpillar D-2 at 7,420 to 8,536 pounds (3,366 to 3,872 kg).
Brian Iselin on medium -dot- com has a very nice final article in a series of three on how the loss of oil income is killing Russian shell production.
This is a figure from that article:
1/3
This opening paragraph is killer:
"Russia’s military machine doesn’t run on patriotism. It runs on petrodollars. Look at this chart and understand what you’re seeing: the death spiral of an empire, measured in dollars per barrel.
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...When Urals crude crossed below $50 in April 2025, the Kremlin didn’t just lose money. Rather it lost the mathematical possibility of sustaining its war."
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The following text 🧵 is from Strategypage -=dot- com:
"Procurement: Economic Industrial Decline For Russia
May 8, 2025: The Ukraine war disrupted Russian manufacturing activity as production shifted to military needs. The large number of Russian men mobilized for the war...
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...caused labor shortages. Then there were over a million Russian men lost, killed, disabled, deserted or fled the country to avoid military service.
The labor shortage is made worse by the lack of high school and university graduates with technical training.
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Too many of those grads concentrated on the humanities rather than industrial and software engineering. As a result, firms manufacturing requiring a lot of people with technical skills cut production.
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The following is an article from the Strategypage -dot- com web page
"Leadership: How to End A Corrupt War
May 14, 2025: Since 2024 more and more Ukrainian generals and military analysts have been predicting the collapse of the Russian military by mid-2025.
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Now their Russian counterparts are agreeing that the end is near. One Russian general was so dismayed at this that he killed himself. Increasingly Russian men are not just evading military service, but helping those in the military to walk away.
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It’s not just the soldiers. Russian industry, starved by increasingly harsh economic sanctions since 2014 sanctions, is no longer able to produce military equipment. Worse, the capability to repair or refurbish existing equipment has disappeared.
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This Ukrainian video shared by @bayraktar_1love makes clear it wasn't US Patriots on German mobile launchers that nailed a Backfire bomber and a pair of A-50 AEW radar planes.
It was a Ukrainian 1960's era S-200 (Nato SA-5) SAM.
What that video showed was the remote control feature for the S-200's 5P72 launchers.
This Soviet PVO scheme allowed S-200 batteries to put the 5P72 launcher near the front lines and keep the 5N62 Square Pair illuminating target radar 100 km behind it,
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...out of range of NATO tactical ballistic missiles.
A lot of "expert" X accounts in Feb 2024 were saying that this video showed a Patriot engagement or Russian friendly fire engagement.
The A-50 countermeasures pattern was inconsistent with both.
The most important grand strategy scale decision of this conflict has been Ukraine's move to mass produce multi-copter drones, Propeller assault (OWA) drones, jet drone-missiles and increasing numbers of military spare parts via masses of 3D/AM printers.
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Ukraine is making 4 million drones a year including over 30,000 long range OWA drones and 3,000 "Drone-missiles" of three models a year.
That's over
33K small drones
2,500 OWA drones, and
250 Drone-missiles per month.
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