NOVAVAX trial from this morning: First want to remind you that we have 9 vaccine candidates out there, 6 of which involve the spike protein in some way (Novavax actually gives the spike protein + an adjuvant) and 3 of which are whole inactivated virions. Table below
Here is our clinical trial data for the 6 spike protein vaccines (will summarize Novavax in moment as the phase 3 trial called PREVENT-19 came out today) and the next tweet shows the phase 3 data for the 3 whole inactivated vaccines (Covaxin, Sinopharm, Sinovac)
And here is phase 3 clinical trial data for the 3 whole inactivated vaccines. Okay, then, going back to Novavax, it is the spike protein put together with an effective adjuvant and we had a phase 2b study in S. Africa & UK study before, but PREVENT-19 was largest, results 6/14
Novavax looks very good and - unlike with previous clinical trials - could sequence breakthrough cases with vax and failures with placebo to detect for variants. Overall, 90.4% effective; ALL cases of moderate/severe disease occurred in placebo so 100% effective for this outcome
Results look amazing - of 14 cases in vaccine group, all mild. Importantly, enrolled a very diverse population, large, across sites in US and Mexico, and also with high rates of co-morbidities and older- still did well in this population, see below.
And this is variant data, works against them as expected because they ALL do (and anyone telling you variants evade vaccines are incorrect). This is a 2-dose vaccine, not mRNA or DNA but spike protein itself with adjuvant, can be stored at 24 hours room temp/6 months in fridge
sorry, here is link for Novavax's press release- I am very interested in this vaccine as mRNA vaccines not being given out worldwide at rate & generosity as hoped so this stable protein-based vax may be very helpful
ir.novavax.com/news-releases/…

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with Monica Gandhi MD, MPH

Monica Gandhi MD, MPH Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @MonicaGandhi9

16 Jun
DELTA variant. To discuss this, let's actually start with discussing the spike protein of the virus. Remember, the spike protein of the virus is how the virus binds to our host cell. The spike protein is the protein that is encoded by the mRNA & adenovirus-DNA vaccines (J&J) Image
The vaccine gives you genetic material that enables YOU to make that spike protein and then you raise an immune response against it (of course natural infection makes you raise an immune response against virus). Genetic material goes away & you have immune response. J&J just one
step "upstream" from mRNA vaccines so gives you DNA which you MAKE into mRNA and then you make spike protein. mRNA vax allows you to make protein directly. Not that different though J&J vax takes longer to give full immunity (phase II trial, up to 60 days)
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Read 15 tweets
14 Jun
Another paper describing durable immunity to natural infection. "Immunological memory ..distinct aspect of immune system...where B & T cells specific for a virus maintained in state of dormancy.. poised to spring into action if they encounter virus again"
nature.com/articles/d4158…
The reason I think this is so important is that it 1) gives credence to those who are questioning why WHO discusses natural immunity but we aren't; 2) saves vaccines for non-immune with global distribution for now; 3) allows sense of normalcy without fear
washingtonpost.com/outlook/2021/0…
And simple primer on immune system here as well although Nature paper very well written and explains the long-term nature of immunity to natural infection extremely elegantly.
leaps.org/booster-shot/
Read 4 tweets
14 Jun
Wonderful paper by @ID_ethics. The reason ID people keep on turning to past pandemics is that we have used a lot of models in the current pandemic that don't end up being accurate. No time in history do we test this much or sequence asymptomatic infections in nose.
"While some degree of epistemic humility .prudent, apparent bias in favour of modelling techniques over analyses of historical data should be discarded.". those who only look at vax% when discussing delta variant, discuss natural immunity/testing after vax
Some thought leaders in US tweeting have interactions with companies making vax. Instead, we want to look deeply and cleanly at data- all the immunological research being done on natural immunity and vaccine immunity. % vax of a community is not only form of immunity.
Read 9 tweets
11 Jun
I am interested in increasing trust in public health. 4 things we can address now to increase that trust:
1) Natural immunity: Real, don't know duration of immunity from either route; 1 dose only? Acknowledge natural immunity, our knowledge limits
2) Vax in kids: Acknowledge that adult vax massively reducing community transmission in US, kids less at risk of getting sick. Acknowledge risks vs benefits of vax in kids under study. 1 dose, lower dose to reduce risk of myocarditis? If low rates, can kids have normal life?
3) PCR test: Acknowledge limits of PCR especially after vax. PCR picks up "dead virus" or low virus in nose because very sensitive (can tell if must cycle the machine a lot; CT >30 is low viral load). Don't isolate someone with high CT (use Ag; no asymptomatic testing after vax)
Read 11 tweets
10 Jun
My last school opening article (a plea, really). Returning to school buildings full time next year will improve the mental health of young people, write @MonicaGandhi9 and @JeanneNoble18 wsj.com/articles/the-p… via @WSJOpinion
-CDC said last week adolescent hospitalizations due to COVID were on the rise, media picked up the message Not true: child cases and hospitalizations down 84% and 69% since Jan
-CDC failed to highlight that 20% of hospitalizations in their study Jan-March 2021 were psychiatric
-Mental health (MH) effects hard to study since healthcare utilization down & MH services for children already has gap
-Only way is to look at ED visits & suicides. Data from Children's Hospital Oakland: 66% increase in 10-17 screening yes for active or recent suicidal ideation
Read 7 tweets
8 Jun
Thanks to @NYT for publishing this guest essay by @TracyBethHoeg, @DrDanielJohnson (Pediatric ID) by me saying we must fully reopen schools this fall and here's how. Main points: 1) Full in-person learning need not be tied to child vaccination status
nytimes.com/2021/06/08/opi…
given falling cases & hospitalizations in children with adult vax (61% & 40%, respectively in just last 6 weeks; 80% since January)
2) Hand-washing great for rotavirus, noravirus, rhinovirus; excessive hand sanitation, cleaning not needed for COVID;
3) No plexiglass barriers
4) No mass asymptomatic testing unless community transmission high (won't be anywhere by September - 200/100K)
5) Test symptomatic individuals
6) Don't close class for a child testing positive; unvaccinated teachers follow CDC I&Q protocols
Read 8 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Too expensive? Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal Become our Patreon

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us on Twitter!

:(