Alasdair Munro Profile picture
Jun 25, 2021 9 tweets 4 min read Read on X
A very calm thread🧵

Waiting for data before frightening kids, parents and the general public about variants, children and schools is important. They deserve this.

It has not been well practiced across the board - and given todays @ONS data, it is particularly disappointing

1/ Image
Many will remember (feels like a lifetime ago) a lot of concern about the Alpha variant (prev known as B1.1.7) being very transmissible or more severe in children, disproportionate to its effects in adults

As it turns out, that was not the case

2/
When schools were about to open in March, some people were very clear this would be a catastrophe

This led to a lot of anxiety among children, parents and teachers

Fortunately, it was not a catastrophe

In fact, it was completely fine

3/
ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulati… Image
Now we have a new variant, Delta

It is more transmissible by everyone (including children) and may cause more severe disease

But once more, very early on we heard lots of stories on THIS variant being worse and more transmissible *particularly* in children, and schools

4/
Despite lots of anecdotes, there was no real data to support this issue

There were conspiracy theories about cover ups of terrifying data, accusations of public health officials, letters written galore, and general furore

5/
When PHE released some data, the analysts themselves were *very clear* that it could not point to the precise role of schools in wider community transmission due to the nature of how the data is collected

This has often been dismissed or ignored

6/
Time has passed, and it is quite clear now that as for Delta, as for all #SARSCoV2 before it

-Young adults transmission highest
-Teens transmission a bit more due to more mixing, but to a lesser extent
-Younger children transmission surprisingly low

7/ Image
In fact, let's just take a moment to admire the primary school aged data

This is the least vaccinated group, with among the highest amount of social mixing, in school with no facemasks for 3 months, whilst other respiratory viruses have run rampant

It is quite extraordinary

8/ Image
Anyway, this is an issue because the horse has bolted

Most people will never hear that it turned out there was nothing special about kids and this variant

They'll just remember the scare stories

It's very easy to terrify parents

It is very difficult to un-terrify them

9/

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More from @apsmunro

Jul 28
Interesting rebuttal here from @VPrasadMDMPH to punches thrown initially by @adamcifu on the new masking RCT

Lots to like in this piece, but I believe Vinay is very wrong about something in a way that is difficult to see

The placebo effect

1/
open.substack.com/pub/sensibleme…
Vinay points correctly to the bias prone endpoint of self reported URTI symptoms and implies the entire difference between groups could be due to “the placebo effect”

The problem is, this is almost
certainly not a result of placebo

It’s detection or ascertainment bias

2/
Vinay describes as much in his piece, when he mentions different interpretations of vague symptoms between people with or without masks depending on their beliefs

Wear a mask and wake up tired? Probably nothing

Not been wearing a mask? Could be the start of something…

3/
Read 6 tweets
Jul 25
Incredible study 🇳🇴

RCT of surgical masks for reducing respiratory infections

Wearing a mask for 14d reduced onset of symptoms of respiratory infection (OR 0.71, 0.58-0.87)

Absolute risk difference of ~3%

What does this mean?

1/🧵
bmj.com/content/386/bm…
First, it shows RCTs of population implementation of interventions like masks is of course possible

In fact it is necessary and important to appropriately determine effect size

2/
Second, it shows surgical masks ARE effective at an individual level in the short term of reducing some respiratory infections

Excellent news - although we cannot delineate between respiratory viruses which may behave differently (long range aerosol vs contact etc)

3/
Read 5 tweets
Jun 10
New study of paxlovid for Post Acute Symptoms of Covid (PASC - also known as "long covid")

It's quite an interesting study actually

Here are my brief thoughts

1/🧵
jamanetwork.com/journals/jamai…
The rationale behind this is that some have postulated PASC could be due to viral persistence - SARS-CoV-2 hanging around when it should have been cleared

Anti-virals might help clear the virus and resolve symptoms

2/
The evidence base behind this theory is far from clear, but given the general mess of evidence in the field this seemed like a reasonable trial

It could also serve as possible therapeutic diagnosis (if it works, it gives evidence towards the possible cause)

3/
Read 9 tweets
Jan 11
A few interesting points of data which help us to evaluate some theories re Covid

1) RSV season is now ending in England with the most "normal" wave since the pandemic

Covid related immune problems causing more severe RSV is in the bin 🗑️

1/
assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/media/659fe802…
Image
2) Covid may be peaking (possibly plateauing) with the LOWEST prevalence (via mass testing survey) in all age groups being in school aged children

Schools being unsafe, children being disproportionately affected or spreaders of Covid is in the bin🗑️

2/
gov.uk/government/sta…
Image
3) Covid infection to hospitalisation rate by far the lowest we've seen during the pandemic

We can totally bin the idea Covid infections become increasingly severe, or of a meaningful increase in severity from current variants 🗑️🗑️🗑️

3/
Read 4 tweets
May 3, 2023
This article about masking and RCTs is extremely confused and appears to totally misunderstand everything about clinical trials

I will put to one side the dreadful title (which presumably the authors didn't choose) and explain some of the most important errors in thinking

1/ Image
First of all, the idea Science "couldn't" produce the answers we needed is false

We are perfectly capable of producing high quality, relevant clinical trials in this area

We just didn't

There are no excuses for this, it's a massive failure

2/ Image
Second, the idea that the RCTs asked questions they couldn't answer is also false

They set out to answer very specific questions, and they provided useful answers to those questions

If those are not the questions you WANT answered, then we need MORE trials to do that

3/ Image
Read 10 tweets
Jan 17, 2023
What's happening with GAS in the UK?

The surge has caused a great deal of anxiety and got a lot of attention

Quick update on the situation following new data and some great new analyses

1/🧵
alasdairmunro.substack.com/p/group-a-stre…
Updated data from UKHSA tells us a few things

Firstly, the data on scarlet fever is now not useful, as it basically just represents awareness

Probably massive overdiagnosis at the peak, no idea where it truly is now

2/
gov.uk/government/pub… Image
The data on invasive GAS (iGAS) is more useful as requires microbiological confirmation

Cases have been very high, but possibly flat or declining - difficult to know due to reporting lag, but this is the feeling on the ground

Case fatality still normal, most deaths >65y

3/ Image
Read 7 tweets

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