A thread rating the root systems of various plants:
Carum carvi (Caraway)
- good depth for little plant
- slightly thin
5/10
Salicornia europaea (Glasswort)
- impressive coverage for small plant
- scraggly, needs combing
- no pizazz
6/10
Zea mays (Corn)
- look I like corn as much as the next guy but this is pathetic
2/10
This corn making a valiant effort to save the reputation of its species, but it's not enough. Sorry corn.
Acanthosicyos horridus (Nara, butter-nuts, or butterpips; "an unusual melon")
- what is going on here
- horridus is right
1/10
Androsace alpina (Alpine rock-jasmine)
- now THIS shows initiative
- layabout plants take note
- still rough but clearly going places
9/10
Asparagus officinalis (Asparagus)
- sort of a cone shape?
- disappointing
- I expected more from asparagus I guess
3/10
Carex elata (tufted sedge)
- good firm grip on the earth
- impressive mirror-image effect
- design as sharp as its leaves, nice job
7/10
Liguicum mutellina (???)
- what is it doing
- as far as I can tell, this plant doesn't officially exist
- I cannot rate this plant
NO RATING
Taraxacum serotinum (Late-flowering Dandelion)
- 👀😳😵
- DRILL BABY DRILL
- open for a surprise
11/10
Arthrophytum iliense (???)
- this root system is a spooky alien coming to get you
- or maybe it is dressed up as the circulatory system for Halloween
- OooooOOOOoooO!!!
8/10
Galanthus nivalis (snowdrop)
- an attempt was made
- at least there is that fetching bulb
2/10
Cynodon dactylon (ermuda grass, Dhoob, dūrvā grass, ethana grass, dubo, dog's tooth grass, Bahama grass, devil's grass, couch grass, Indian doab, arugampul, grama, wiregrass and scutch grass)
- All that is gold does not glitter
- Not all those who wander are lost
9/10
Drosera rotundifolia (Round-leafed sundew)
- small
- however, very organized
- extra points for being a carnivorous plant
7/10
Euphorbia mongolica (Mongolian Spurge???)
- absolute madman
- THICK
- probably a tree in disguise
9/10
Alyssum montanum (???)
- go big or go home
- slightly too chaotic
8/10
Centaurium pulchellum (Lesser centaury)
- no commitment
- "one root is fine"
1/10 get out of my face
Cirsium spinosissimum (Spiniest thistle)
- wow
- knows what it wants
- cirsium spinosissimum drinks YOUR milkshake!
- a true industrialist
9/10
Saxifraga aizoides (yellow mountain saxifrage)
- 😮
- she is beauty
- she is grace
11/10
Scorzonera parviflora (光鸦葱 guang ya cong.)
- weird double plant
- roots look like LIGHTNING
- ZAP ZAP
8/10
Schoenoplectus lacustris (Lakeshore bulrush)
- where are the roots
- pathetic
0/10
Hydrocharis morsus-ranae (frogbit)
- not a plant
- this is a UFO
NO RATING
Juncus gerardii (blackgrass, black needle rush or saltmarsh rush)
- expansive
- lord of all it surveys
9/10
Lathyrus tuberosus (tuberous pea)
- is a clam
- a clam masquerading as a plant
- pretty good roots though tbh
7.5/10
Lychnis viscaria (Sticky catchfly or "clammy campion")
- small plant
- POWERFUL roots
- just look at that grip on the earth
8/10
Stratioites aloides (water pineapple)
- barely roots at all
- lives in wet ditches
- "In the autumn they become covered with a slimy secretion and the whole plant sinks to the bottom"
1/10
Eryngium campestre (Field eryngo or Watling Street thistle)
- single, incredibly powerful root
- erupts into tendrils almost THREE METERS down
13/10
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We’ve been hacking at psychology for 200 years, without much progress. We can't cure depression, we don’t know why rats like running on wheels, and we don’t know why when you’re sick, sometimes you feel too hot and too cold at the same time.
Maybe we're doing it wrong. (🧵)
People have been doing psychology since the 1860s, but we're not much closer today than when we started. So what's holding us back?
We think the problem lies in just a few assumptions that people have been holding the whole time, totally unaware that they’re holding ‘em.
1⃣ The first assumption is that people are reward maximizers.
We usually assume that people find some things rewarding and try to get as much of those things as they can, with no limit.
Like cake. You always eat as much cake as you can, right? Because it's so rewarding.
To avoid biting the dust, many things need to be juuuust right. If you get too hot or too cold, you die. If you don’t eat enough, you die. If you make too much blood, too little blood, if you [other thing], if you [third thing], dead dead dead.
Thermostats are designed to keep your house at a certain temperature. You don’t want the house to get much hotter than the target temperature, and you don’t want it to get much colder.
Time for a story about how when you heat things up, they almost always get bigger.
Take almost anything, heat it up, and it gets bigger. Heat it up enough, it melts and becomes a liquid. Heat it up even more, it becomes a gas, and takes up even more space. Or, cool it down, it contracts and becomes smaller again.
• Greek philosopher who invented medicine as a field
• possibly first to think that diseases were natural, not divine punishment
• famous for theory of humors
• in practice seemed to think that medicine mostly depended on what you ate
Let's say you're eating a twinkie. How much lithium is in that twinkie? How much lithium is in your food in general? Turns out this is harder to answer than you might think.
Lithium at clinical doses (50-300 mg/day) is a powerful sedative with lots of nasty side effects.
Many effects also show up for subclinical doses (1-50 mg/day), and even trace doses (< 1 mg/day) seem to have some effects.
So you might want to know how much is in your food.
There are lots of methods you can try.
This usually involves some kind of chemical liquefication (“digestion” in the parlance) paired with a tool for elemental analysis.
You need digestion because many analytical techniques can only be done on liquids.
Do be warned that this post is about 25,000 words long, with many many figures and images. So if you have questions or comments, we strongly encourage you to read it and see if we address it in the post
That said, here's some topline results!
We first announced the Potato Diet Community Trial on April 29, 2022, which we described on twitter in this thread: