Microsoft just reached $2T, pushing Steve Ballmer's net worth to $80B.
Interestingly: when Ballmer joined MSFT in 1980, he was employee #30 and received ZERO equity. By its IPO in 1986, he owned 8% of MSFT.
How did Ballmer get that stake? A contract quirk.
Here's the story🧵
1/ Ballmer's Microsoft tale begins in 1975, his sophomore year at Harvard.
He lived down the hall from some dude named Bill Gates.
While Gates dropped out to start Microsoft, Ballmer was a total Harvard head -- playing on the Football team and writing for The Crimson.
2/ After graduating, Ballmer tried his hands at a few things:
◻️ Product Manager at P&G, where he worked with future GE CEO Jeff Immelt
◻️ A brief attempt at Hollywood screenwriting
◻️ Stanford Business School
While at Stanford, Ballmer was convinced by Gates to drop out...
3/ ...and come join Microsoft.
It was 1980 and the software co. was seeing explosive revenue growth: $16k in 1976 --> $8m in 1980.
Ballmer was to be Gates' first non-technical hire and the offer he gave reflects the fact that Gates' hadn't recruited a business person before.
4/ Ballmer's offer:
◻️ the title of "business manager"
◻️ $50k base salary
◻️ZERO equity
◻️CRUCIALLY-- as Microsoft was so desperate for sales know-how -- Gates (and co-founder Paul Allen) gave Ballmer "10% of profit growth" he could generate.
5/ With Microsoft growing like a weed (it would 2x to $17m in 1981), Ballmer's "10% of profits" deal was not sustainable.
At the time, Microsoft was a partnership (Gates 64% / Allen 36%).
One early VC (Dave Marquardt) wanted to restructure the corp for wider stock ownership.
6/ Gates wanted nothing to do with the restructuring, so Ballmer and Marquardt took the lead.
This was the corporate structure they drafted:
◻️ Gates and Allen own 84%
◻️ 8% goes to investors
◻️ 8% goes to Ballmer (in exchange for *waiving* his 10% profit share deal)
7/ Gates was OK with the deal but Allen was not.
He wanted Ballmer to own 5% max...so Gates agreed to drawdown the rest of the equity to give Ballmer from his own pool.
By 1986, Ballmer owned 8% of $MSFT. It was worth ~$56m when Microsoft IPO'd at $700m.
8/ In the decades since, Ballmer -- who was Microsoft's high-energy CEO from 2000-2014 -- has largely kept his stake in $MSFT.
Today, he owns ~4% of the tech giant while Gates owns ~1.4% (Allen died in 2018, and long ran down his stake).
9/ Ballmer is currently the world's 14th richest person and very high-profile owner of the LA Clippers (which he bought for $2B in 2014).
As far as "contract quirks" go, the one Ballmer had when he signed with Microsoft has to be one of the most outrageously lucrative ever.
10/ Follow @TrungTPhan for other baller business stories and -- also -- a steady drip of dumb memes:
If you are the person that did the un-aligned letters for the previous eBay logo, please contact the research app team. We are huge fans of how un-aligned the “e” is with the “y”.Bearly.AI
This article offers up reasons for popularity of simple font logos (mostly Sans Serif):
— Easier to standardize ads across mediums
— Improves readability (especially on mobile)
— The “brand” matters more than the logo velvetshark.com/why-do-brands-…
Berkshire Hathaway board member Chris Davis once asked Charlie Munger why Costco didn’t drop the membership card.
Let anyone shop and raise prices by 2% (still great value), thus making up for lost membership fees (and more).
Munger said the card is important filter:
▫️“Think about who you’re keeping out [with a membership card]. Think about the cohort that won’t give you their license and their ID and get their picture taken.
Or they aren’t organized enough to do it, or they can’t do the math to realize [the value]…that cohort will have a 100% of your shoplifters and a 100% of your thieves. Now, it’ll also have most of your small tickets.
And that cohort relative to the US population will probably be shrinking as a % of GDP relative to the people that can do the math [on Costco’s value].”▫️
I have a membership but have been guffing on the math for a few years tbh. They keep telling me to upgrade from Gold to Business but I’m too lazy (even if the 2-3% Cash Back on Business pays back after a few trips).
This is a long way of saying Costco’s membership price hike effective today — its first in 7 years — is annoying but when I decide to do the math in a few months, it’ll be worth it.
Anyway, here is something I wrote about Costco’s $9B+ clothing business my affinity for Kirkland-branded socks and Puma gym shirts. readtrung.com/p/costcos-9b-c…
Two notes:
▫️Meant “Executive” (not “Business”) membership
▫️Chris Davis was doing a pure thought experiment. Costco membership obvi high margin (on~$5B a year) and accounts for majority of Costco profits. Retail margin is tiny on ~$230B of annual sales (Costco would need like another $150B+ from letting anyone shop to make up membership profits)
One of the Team USA rowers who won a Gold Medal is an investment banker and actually did the “B2B SaaS Sales” joke on Linkedin. Legend.
Here’s the rest of the post (perfectly formatted to show up in the feed as a shitpost): linkedin.com/feed/update/ur…
Justin if you’re reading this and are available for consulting, the research app team would love to engage your B2B SaaS knowledge for our Q4 sales roadmapBearly.AI
The amount of work Hayao Miyazaki and Studio Ghibli team put into a film is mind-boggling.
Each typically has 60k-70k frames, all hand-drawn and painted with water color.
This 4-second clip (“The Wind Rises”) took one animator 15 months to do. Insane.
The docu “10 Years with Hayao Miyazaki” shows him talking to the animator (Eiji Yamamori) after its done.
It’s so good:
Miyazaki: “Good job.”
Yamamori: “It’s so short, though”
Miyazaki: “But it was worth it.”
The animator gets a second of joy (he’s pumped) but on to the next.
Miyazaki doesn’t use digital FX or computer graphics. He believes “that the tool of an animator is the pencil.”
On a related note, here’s something I wrote about another Japanese legend dedicated to the craft (Ichiro Suzuki) and the art of mastery: readtrung.com/p/jerry-seinfe…
New York City paid Mckinsey $4m to conduct a feasibility study on whether trash bins are better than leaving garbage on the street.
The deck is 95-slides long and titled “The Future of Trash”.
Some highlights:
▫️The official term is “containerization”, which is the “storage of waste in sealed, rodent-proof receptacles rather than in plastic bags placed directly on the curb.”
▫️Two main types of containerization: 1) individual bins for low density locales; 2) shared containers for high-density.
▫️NYC needs to clean up 24,000,000lbs of garbage a day
▫️Containerization has only become the norm worldwide in major cities in the past 15 years.
▫️New York City first considered containerization in the 1970s but never conducted a feasibility study until now (Mckinsey’s sales team has been dropping the ball)
▫️Key considerations for container viability:
• POPULATION DENSITY: NYC has 30k residents per square mile (more dense than comparable big cities)
• BUILT ENVIRONMENT: Few places to “hide” containers due to history of infrastructure development.
• WEATHER: Snow creates challenges for “mechanized collection” in the winter.
• CURB SPACE: Mostly taken up by bus stops, bike lanes, outdoor dining and fire hydrants.
• COLLECTION FREQUENCY: NYC needs to double frequency of pick-up for estimated speed of trash that bins would accumulate.
• FLEET: A new garbage truck will needs to be designed to collect rolling bins at scale.
▫️ The proposed solution (literally garbage bins and shared containers) covers 89% of NYC streets and 77% of residential tonnage.
▫️The three case studies — because you gotta have solid case studies — are Amsterdam, Paris and Barcelona.
▫️There is a slide called “Why containerization matters” and three reasons are “rats”, “pedestrian obstruction” and “dirty streets” (the 21-year intern that did this slide billed at prob $10k an hour is my hero).
The study is actually pretty interesting.
I have no idea if $4m is a rip-off to learn that “yeah, we should put garbage in bins so rats don’t eat it” but I would have happily done it for 10-20% of that budget (and come to a similar conclusion).
It is actually an interesting deck. Just the thought of a 20-year old newly grad getting billed at an obscene rate to say”rats get to garbage” is kinda funny
Four more solid slides:
— By the numbers (daily garbage = 140 Statue of Liberty a day!!)
— City comparison
— Container comparison (looks like they did select the “scalable” trash bin)
— Curb side analysis
Think Mckinsey telling NY to “put garbage in bins so rats don’t eat it and people can walk” will work out better than when it told AT&T in 1981 that cellphones would be “niche.”