Eighteen months. Half a billion doses in 178 countries. Thousands of lives saved.

The scientists behind the Oxford vaccine, Professors Sarah Gilbert and Catherine Green, tell @whippletom how they pulled it off. thetimes.co.uk/article/the-ox…
They called it a “Disease X” situation.

At some point, a completely new pathogen would emerge for which a completely new vaccine was required. And at Oxford’s Jenner Institute at the start of 2020, they were ready. 💉
The small problem, says Professor Sarah Gilbert, is that when Disease X arrived, no one had anticipated a very specific scenario. What if they themselves – the people working on that vaccine – ended up being in the same country as the disease?
“The idea of having to live through a pandemic while we developed a vaccine to get us out of a pandemic?” says Gilbert. “We hadn’t planned for that.”
By the spring of 2020, with empty shelves, pasta panics and a closed canteen, that flaw in planning was most keenly felt in the office vending machine.

“We ate nothing but Mini Cheddars and Bounty bars for two weeks solid,” says Professor Catherine Green.
This was a period when the Oxford vaccine team, the hope of a nation – the hope of the world – was fuelled by chocolate and cheesy biscuits. “All of us,” says Green, “were getting spotty.”
They needed trials, pipelines, pharmaceutical companies. They needed to do things concurrently that had previously been done consecutively. At the start of 2020, this was what they resolved to do.
“We had to get everything moving,” says Gilbert. “Start the manufacturing, make the starting materials, get the clinical trials off the ground – phase one, phase two, then phase three trials in different countries.” 💉
“There have been times when it’s just so totally full-on that all we can do is focus on the next half-hour, and then the half-hour after that. It’s been quite traumatic, frankly,” says Gilbert.
She remembers a call with Matt Hancock, the health secretary, in March 2020. “He said, ‘What can I do to help? What do you need?’” She needed to get the vaccine clinics up and running and replied, “PPE.”

“You could see he was thinking, ‘Not you as well,’ ” she says.
Green and Gilbert are speaking to The Times because, with the help of a ghost writer, they have written a book about their fight against Covid. 📖

Green said her motivation for writing the book was, in part, because of the conspiracy theories.
“We are normal people doing our job to the absolute best of our ability. All the challenges – no pasta in Tesco, no toilet roll, not being able to see your mum and dad – we were experiencing them too,” says Green.
“So this concept that the vaccine manufacturers are ‘them’? We’re not them. We are us.”

Read the full interview: thetimes.co.uk/article/the-ox…

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More from @thetimes

3 Jul
Bexy Cameron was born into a sect that was notorious for exploitation and sexual abuse. Now she’s written a memoir about what it was like to grow up in a movement founded by a predator. thetimes.co.uk/article/inside…
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By the time she escaped at 15 there had been “experiences”, she says, alluding darkly to the sexual abuse of children for which the cult became infamous.
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2 Jul
After almost three decades of rapid expansion, disruption and transformation, Jeff Bezos will finish his run as chief executive of Amazon next week

What comes next for the company? thetimes.co.uk/article/what-t…
Amazon now has more than 200 million Prime subscribers, more than 100 million smart home devices are connected to its Alexa voice assistant and users are estimated to have spent more than $10 billion during the company’s latest annual sale day last month
Industry analysts question the sustainability of this trajectory 📈

“There are obviously limits to the Prime membership penetration,” GlobalData Retail’s Neil Saunders says. “It’s not conceivable that that will continue to grow…you’ll just run out of people who are interested”
Read 11 tweets
2 Jul
“According to recent statistics, there is no single region in the UK in which the average house price tallies with the average wages of millennials.”

Marie-Claire Chappet (@MCChappet) had to save 90% of her earnings for 10 years in order to buy a home. thetimes.co.uk/article/i-save…
“Once I was working, I got into the habit of living on 10% of my earnings and saving 90%. This was, of course, only made possible by the privilege of living rent-free. For that, I am speechlessly grateful to my parents,” says @MCChappet.
“House prices have risen so starkly, steeply, and so out of step with stagnant wages it’s laughable.”
Read 11 tweets
1 Jul
#WorldAtFive🌍: The Communist Party is obsessed with the past, but its centenary celebrations suppress some of its defining moments like famine, purges, and the Tiananmen Square massacre, writes @tangdidi.
thetimes.co.uk/article/the-hi…
Instead, President Xi when speaking at the event invoked a history of international humiliation, poverty and struggle to rouse the Chinese people and bolster party support.
“Any attempt to deviate from the official narrative is described as “historical nihilism” and considered an attack on the party.” Says @tangdidi.
Read 7 tweets
1 Jul
Exclusive: Supporters of Angela Rayner are preparing for her to challenge Sir Keir Starmer’s leadership of Labour if the party loses the by-election in Batley & Spen today thetimes.co.uk/article/angela…
The Times has learnt that MPs close to the deputy leader have been canvassing support among parliamentary colleagues and trade unions for the move Image
Senior figures at Unite, Labour’s biggest union backer, are willing to support a challenge but they have not discussed the idea with her directly and she has not told them she wants the job
Read 10 tweets
30 Jun
#WorldAtFive 🇦🇫 : Afghanistan’s former president Hamid Karzai has described the 20-year Nato campaign in his country as a “military failure” that has allowed terrorism and extremism to flourish there, as the last US-led troops leave the war thetimes.co.uk/article/you-ha…
“The country is in shock, in such dire, dire straits,” Karzai told The Times at his home in Kabul. “Look at the scene. We are in shambles. The country is in conflict. There is immense suffering for the Afghan people."
Karzai, a politician and Pashtun tribal leader from Kandahar who led Afghanistan for nine years as president, continues to wield considerable influence both inside the country and abroad. Image
Read 4 tweets

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