1/6
Good article on the potential impact of Chinese outflows driven by the household sector. The relaxation of restrictions on what Chinese individuals are allowed to do with...

ft.com/content/224cf2… via @financialtimes
2/5
their $50,000 quota is just one more of the various policies since October in which Beijing attempts to manage the adverse monetary consequences of soaring net inflows by encouraging outflows.
3/6
But while a potential outpouring of Chinese household money could significantly impact asset markets abroad, as this article notes, I don't think this is likely to happen in the next year or two.
4/6
That's because Beijing is finding it difficult to get money to leave China, and this shouldn't surprise. In developing countries when domestic conditions seem positive and the currency is expected to rise, residents are unlikely to want to take savings out of the country.
5/6
The problem of course is that this can turn suddenly. When conditions go bad, just as foreign financial inflows begin to reverse we are likely to see the outflows reinforced as Chinese households avail themselves of the relaxation of capital account restrictions.
6/6
In developing countries inflows and outflows tend to be highly inverted.

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More from @michaelxpettis

5 Jul
1/6
Here is Robert Hockett’s (@rch371) useful contribution to the debate started off by Brendan Greeley’s piece on fiat money versus credit money. As Hockett notes, gold and silver weren’t money because they had intrinsic value.

forbes.com/sites/rhockett…
2/6
They had value mainly because governments made them money. You've only to look at what happened to gold and silver prices 80-160 years ago when a country with a silver-based or bimetallic currency switched to gold: silver prices dropped and gold rose.

ft.com/content/5e5b2a…
3/6
I’d argue that the real value of a commodity-based currency is that because there are ultimately hard constraints on the ability of the currency to expand, that should in theory limit the extent of monetary and trade imbalances, but it typically does so in the form...
Read 6 tweets
4 Jul
1/5
This is probably in response to a number of policy advisors who have recently argued that slowing growth is a much bigger risk for China than rising debt: "China’s central bank has pledged there will be no turnaround in the country’s prudent...

scmp.com/economy/china-…
2/5
monetary stance and tight financial supervision. A statement from the PBoC on Friday indicated that it would continue to target financial risk despite the size of the country’s shadow banking sector being squeezed to an eight-year low in proportion to gross domestic product."
3/5
Later the article says of CBIRC chairman Guo Shuqing: "To achieve that goal, Guo vowed to improve regulatory capacity, strengthen enforcement and increase the cost of breaching its rules."
Read 5 tweets
3 Jul
1/6
This is more-or-less correct but confusing: "Beijing’s initial fears of hot money, and their impact on market stability, have also given way to a desire for more capital outflows to balance the strength of foreign funds flowing in."

bloomberg.com/news/articles/… via @markets
2/6
Beijing's desire for more capital outflows is not a response to how "hot" the inflows are but rather an attempt to minimize the destabilizing monetary impact of net inflows, which is also a problem, but a very different one. I am not sure, however, how successful...
3/6
Beijing will be in encouraging Chinese investors to buy foreign bonds: the factors that encourage foreign financial inflows – higher yields in China and an appreciating RMB – are the very ones most likely to discourage Chinese purchases of foreign bonds.
Read 6 tweets
2 Jul
1/6
Central banks held $287 billion worth of RMB, representing 2.45% of total global reserves. For comparison purposes, USD comprised 59.54%, euros 20.57%, Japanese yen 5.89%, sterling 4.70%, Canadian dollars 2.1%, Aussie dollars 1.8% and SFR 1.7%.

en.people.cn/n3/2021/0702/c…
2/6
It is interesting that it is only in the anglophone economies that the reserve share of their currencies substantially exceeds their share of global GDP. The main exceptions are Japan, whose currency share is just a little above its GDP share, and Switzerland, whose...
3/6
outsized banking sector and very peculiar history has long made the SFR a safe-haven currency. Otherwise it is noteworthy that only the currencies of the anglophone economies play such an disproportionately important share of global trade and reserves.
Read 6 tweets
1 Jul
1/6
Sorry for going on about this too often, but in recent weeks it seems that the idea of digital currency has made people giddy: “The question is not whether China’s CBDC will upend the current rules of global trade and commerce," says one of them.

scmp.com/business/banki…
2/6
The only question is how how far-reaching the ramifications will be across issues related to who controls access to capital and its movements.”

Yikes. In fact it isn't clear at all that CBDC will much change, let alone upend, the current global trade regime.
3/6
The reasons the RMB plays such a disproportionately minor role in global trade (China is 15% of global GDP and 15% of global trade, but its currency is less than 3% of FX trade) has to do with the perfectly rational reluctance of Beijing to give up control of domestic...
Read 6 tweets
1 Jul
1/11
I don't think this is correct: "A successful rollout of the digital renminbi, which will be firmly under the control of the PBoC, is likely to make the Communist party more comfortable with relaxing controls because...

ft.com/content/efa3ec… via @financialtimes
2/11
the authorities will have full visibility over two-way flows."

You cannot simultaneously ease restrictions on capital flows and tighten them. If digital RMB is a better medium of exchange than non-digital RMB, it must be because of lower transaction costs and...
3/11
fewer restrictions on trading and settling. These easier conditions won't matter much to fundamental investment flows and will matter only a little to trade-related flows, but they will have a huge positive impact on speculative flows and flight capital, and they will...
Read 11 tweets

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