The EU’s new CBAM regulation probably should fall within the scope of the NI protocol, in order to prevent carbon-intensive imports dodging the new levy by entering the EU market via NI.
However, it is not clear how this would function in practice.
AND … going off today’s leaked impact assessment, we assumed correctly.
These are some of the considerations/options that the EU will need to take into account in respect of its carbon-border adjustment mechanism (CBAM) and Northern Ireland:
So unless I’m misunderstanding the UK-Australia AIP, it’s not actually duty and quota free. Long-grained milled rice being the last bastion of protectionism:
A related story: When Raab banned UK officials from attending EU meetings in the run up to Brexit, Scottish officials kept going to some anyway.
On the UK presenting a united front thing, another related story: I remember witnessing a load of ERG MPs turn up in Warsaw in a last ditch attempt to convince the Polish government to veto any UK request to extend article 50.
Imports of food under an Australia-UK trade agreement wouldn’t qualify for tariff-free trade into Northern Ireland (until maybe EU also has an FTA) because the tariff differential between the EU and UK tariff will be > 3%.