William Dalrymple Profile picture
Jul 13, 2021 8 tweets 4 min read Read on X
Fascinating day at Repton with Mark Horton and @CatJarman yesterday. I first came here to dig with Mark & Martin Biddle aged 17 in 1982- and was present at the discovery of the mass burial of the Viking Great Army, recently made famous by Cat's fabulous book River Kings ImageImage
I rave reviewed Cat Jarman's River Kings in the FT in February- and can't recommemd it highly enough. Not only is it the best account of the archaeology of the Vikings, it also emphasizes the Vikings links to the East through a Gujerati carnelian bead that we found in the charnel Image
Here is the review:

River Kings — were the Vikings really violent?
ft.com/content/309f52…
We also went to rock-cut cave oratory of St Hardulph near the newly-discovered Viking Great Army camp at Foremark which Mark Horton has just published- it feels like a fragment of early Christian Cappadocia moved to the banks of the Trent. ImageImage
We also went to the hilltop church of Breedon on the Hill, which contains som fabulous 9thC Mercian sculpture, clearly influenced by Sasanian art- where else in Anglo-Saxon England can you find Sasanian gryphins and buraqs? Image
Anglo-Saxon gryphins and the Sasanian silk originals Image
Mercian eagles at Breedon and the possible Sasanian models.

Have you been there @holland_tom ? Image
Mercian birds with lappets (bottom) from Breedon on the Hill and their possible Sasanian models in silk and stucco Image

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More from @DalrympleWill

Aug 17
Don't miss this week's @EmpirePodUK Partition double bill:
The Creation of Pakistan... and
Why India was Split in Two Image
Part One: Jinnah, Ruttie & the Idea of Pakistan
How come Jinnah was originally know as the Ambassador of Hindu-Muslim unity? Why did he initially accept that Pakistan could be part of an Indian Federation? When did Jinnah start to push for Pakistan to be independent from India? What was Direct Action Day in 1946, and how did it start the violence of Partition?
share.google/rpyzvoT4QBpSIP…Image
Dividing India:
Why was the Partition of India and Pakistan so rushed in 1947? How did Partition divide everything from stationery to army boots in a matter of weeks? And how do South Asians today grapple with the memory of the largest forced migration in history?
share.google/EnKs7GPSdhElv6…Image
Read 6 tweets
Aug 8
When the Macedonian soldiers of Alexander the Great first broke into Gaza after the siege of 332BCE, they recorded what they saw and left the first eyewitness account of Gaza that survives.... Image
They recorded the vast stores of incense and spices which the merchants of Gaza had brought overland by camel caravan from southern Arabia. Image
When he was a boy, Alexander had been ticked off by his tutor Leonidas for scooping up handfuls of precious frankincense to burn on the altar as offerings to the Gods. Leonidas had clucked reprovingly, “Alexander when you have conquered the lands which produce these aromatics, then you can scatter incense in this extravagant manner. Until then, don't waste it.” Now Alexander sent to the elderly Leonidas a gift of 500 talents (13.7 tonnes) of frankincense and 100 talents of myrrh, with the message, “I have sent you frankincense and myrrh in abundance , to stop you being stingy to the Gods.”Image
Read 12 tweets
Jul 15
Not Gaza 2025, but Jaffa 1948, after the Nakba
#ThisDidntBeginonOct7 #HistoryRepeating Image
The Manshiya quarter of Jaffa was destroyed in a series of bombardments led by the Irgun during the 1948 Nakba in order to drive out its Palestinians inhabitants Image
Read 6 tweets
Jul 2
The history of Gaza is full of surprises: I had no idea it was home to a Christian Byzantine school of rhetoric, "an important library that could compete with Athens, Alexandria, Beirut and Constantinople" and also an Festival of Roses that celebrated "the arrival of Spring and the workings of Eros" at which poetry was read- in other words a sort of erotic Gaza Litfest.Image
The Church of St. Porphyrius, which was first built in 425 AD, is the last survivor from this world. It still, just, survives though the Israelis shelled its outbuildings last year. 450 Palestinians, mainly Palestinian Christians, were sheltering there. Eighteen were killed. Image
Image
And as @GhassanDahhan has just pointed out to me, Polybius in about 120BCE commends the people of Gaza for their bravery in the face of external aggression:
penelope.uchicago.edu/Thayer/E/Roman…Image
Read 4 tweets
Mar 14
A Morning at the Shaiva caves at Elephanta

The caves were carved with clear Gupta influence in the 5th-6thC, probably under the patronage of the Vakataka or Kalachuri dynasty; but not one inscription has ever been found which can solve the conundrum of who commissioned these fabulous master works.

1. Eight armed Shiva Nataraja, in the graceful Lalitha pose, embodying the eternal energy of creation which shapes and gives birth to the universe.Image
2. The Eternal Shiva- Sadashiva

Of the five faces of Shiva, three are visible:

On the left, Aghora/Bhairavi, the fierce and terrifying aspect of Shiva.

On the right, Vamadeva/Uma, the beautiful, feminine and pleasing aspect of Shiva.

In the centre, Mahadeva/Tatpurusha, the fusion of male and female, locked in meditation, eyelids lowered, lips closed, the embodiment of absolute knowledge.Image
3. Adhikari Shiva- Shiva in the act of skewering the demon Andhakasura, who had desired the beautiful Parvati and tried to abduct her. Not a good move. Despite having been given a boon by Brahma that any drop of his blood that touched the ground would grow a new demon, Shiva made short work of him by collecting his blood in a skull-cup and feeding it to the blood thirsty goddess Chamunda. But Andhaka realised the error of his ways, praised Lord Shiva and was forgiven. Eventually he was made the Chief Commander of the Shiva's dwarf armies, the Ganas.Image
Read 10 tweets

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