Aaron Sojourner Profile picture
Jul 27, 2021 12 tweets 6 min read Read on X
It's been a month. State that decided to cut off their residents' access to UI benefits early have done so.

Without the $300/wk federal supplement to regular state programs, have they experienced faster declines in the shares of their population continuing to claim regular UI?
No. The number of continuing claims in regular state programs seems to be declining just as fast in not-cutting as in cutting states. Image
Here it is in difference-in-differences form relative to the week ending May 8, the last week before the first state announced its intention to cut off federal UI payments.

No difference in trends in not-cutting versus cutting states. Image
However, some but not all of the cutting states literally shut down residents' access to federal pandemic UI programs such as PUA & PEUC.

Mechanically, these states forced down PUA+PEUC continuing claims rates in those programs. Image
However, the cohort that saw that big decline (July 12-19 cutters) is a few, very small states. On average, there appears to be no discernable difference in trends between the cutting & not-cutting states.

Many of states that cut the $300/wk did not cut off PUA+PEUC. Image
Shout out & thanks @michaelstepner for his work processing & publishing this data @OppInsights. Best of luck in your new position @UofT!
For evidence on employment levels & financial distress, check out @arindube.
I updated:
1) added new weeks of data
2) OI corrected mistaken 1-wk offset in PUA+PEUC claims @arindube caught, &
3) I recoded MD & IN as no-cut states cuz courts blocked UI cuts there.

Results different? Not yet.
The continuing claims rate in regular state programs has declined just as fast in not-cutting as in cutting states, though a small rise in no-cut states in WE 7/23 (left).

Formally, cutters don't have significantly different trend than no-cutters in analysis (right). ImageImage
Initial claims rate in regular state programs also have declined just as fast in not-cutting as in cutting states, though most groups have flared up recently.

Also the magnitudes of difference are very small, 1 claim per 1000 population. ImageImage
However, some but not all of the cutting states literally shut down residents' access to federal pandemic UI programs such as PUA & PEUC.

Mechanically, these states forced down PUA+PEUC continuing claims rates in those programs.

Differences are starting to open up here. ImageImage
I want to do a better job focusing on the states cutting PUA+PEUC but haven't coded that yet.

@p_ganong has a good round up of evidence here:

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More from @aaronsojourner

Jun 9, 2023
This paper is SOOOOO interesting. I love it.

They posit 3 types of Americans with different relations to the labor market. Folks in:

- primary enjoy steady work, any job search quick.

- 2ndary struggle to find jobs, move across U, E, N a lot.

- 3iary mostly out.
These bring the Dual Labor Market hypothesis home to the U.S.

Interprets short-panel linked CPS data combining:

- a hidden Markov model of observed transitions by latent type,

- a measurement model uses many rich CPS questions to assign each person type probabilities.
The primary market, estimated to represent 55% of American population, enjoys super-high LFPR/EPOP, super-low UR.

2ndary (14%): in LF 73% of time but unemployed a third of that time.

3riary (32%): out 91% of time. UR intermediate when in.

Heterogeneity that matters. Image
Read 11 tweets
May 21, 2023
Amazon warehouse mgmt uses intensive, opaque monitoring as input to discipline, pay, promotion, & firing decisions.

MN just passed a law requiring employers like them to make such standards, incentives, & data transparent to workers.

Fascinating on a few fronts... Image
No one likes working to unclear standards.

But mgmt often prefers it,⬇️some gaming &⬆️ managers' discretionary power.

Even if mgmt uses clear well-justified rules, if workers don't know them, feel arbitrary.

Mgmt says, trust us. Many workers do not.
thenation.com/article/politi…
In a workplace with new tech-enabled, intensive, high-stakes monitoring, it's interesting to see workers demand & win transparency of rules & of data.

Amazon warehouse workers in MN have actively pushed to improve working conditions for a decade @AwoodMpls. This is latest win.
Read 5 tweets
May 18, 2023
Lower-income Americans often need access to $ NOW!

Speedier payments benefit those most in need.

Instant payments, like @federalreserve’s FedNow coming July, would create billions in consumer value.

🧵my new paper w/the great @ryanmcdevitt
direct.mit.edu/rest/article-a… Image
We measure willingness-to-pay (WTP) for $ today versus $ soon.

Use transaction data from a bank that offers both bank accts (BA) & check-cashing (CC), unusual.

Usually, 2 services offered by different bizs = tough to leverage customer choices to credibly isolate WTP.
@springbankny was 1st new S. Bronx-based bank in 25 years when in 2007 when started as Check Spring Bank. Later I served on & chaired bank’s board.

Aimed to deliver financial services value to S. Bronx community, compete head-to-head with check cashiers.
spring.bank/about-us Image
Read 12 tweets
Mar 28, 2023
Wealthiest 0.1% of Americans saw 5.0% of their wealth disappear from the quarter before the Fed started hiking rates in 2022Q1 to 2022Q4

The next 0.9% saw 7% of their wealth disappear

In contrast, the least-wealthy half of Americans saw their (much smaller) wealth rise 17%
The price of Fed action to fight inflation has so far been paid mostly by wealthier Americans whose assets in stocks, crypto, & elsewhere deflated.

If Fed causes employers to start destroying jobs in the real economy, the price burden will shift dramatically.
This is how it started and the labor market has held up remarkably well. The Fed can break it though.

Hard-landing advocates claim doing so is the only way to bring down inflation.
Read 6 tweets
Jan 29, 2023
10% of America's abt 155 million employees belong to a union.

+1 percentage point a year requires +1.55 million net members if employment flat.

In 2022, union membership rose 273K, 6X smaller.
Estimated +273K from @BLS_gov worker survey. Reflects net hiring by union employers, priv (+193K) + public (+80K) sector, & new organizing inside & outside NLRB.

Abt 52K private sector workers voted to newly unionize in 2022, eyeballing @KevinReuning's NLRB data. 30X smaller.
@BLS_gov @KevinReuning The AFL-CIO's strategy aims to organize 1 million workers over 10 yrs, +100K/yr pace.

That's either 37% of the 2022 pace if it includes all change or less than 2X 2022's pace if newly unionized only.

Is this under-promising to over-deliver?
reuters.com/world/us/us-la…
Read 8 tweets

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