Phineas Gage is the most famous person to have survived severe damage to the brain. His accident illustrates the first medical knowledge gained on the relationship between personality and brain damage. After his injury, he turned into a completely different person.
__
Thread
A successful construction foreman, Gage was contracted to work for the Rutland & Burlington Railroad in Vermont. In September 1848 while he was preparing a railroad bed, an accidental explosion of a charge he had set, blew a 13-pound tamping iron straight through his head.
The tamping iron was 1 ¼ inches in diameter. It went in point first under his left cheek bone and completely out through the top of his head, landing about 25 to 30 yards behind him.
On December 7, 1941, Airman First Class Shigenori Nishikaichi, who had taken part in the second wave of the Pearl Harbor attack, crash-landed his battle-damaged aircraft in a Niʻihau field near where Hawila Kaleohano, a native Hawaiian, was standing. /1
The pilot shared information about the Pearl Harbor attack with island locals of Japanese descent. Native Hawaiian residents were initially unaware of the attack, but apprehended Nishikaichi when the gravity of the situation became apparent. /2
Nishikaichi then sought and received the assistance of the three residents of Japanese descent on the island in overcoming his captors, finding weapons, and taking several hostages. /3
I have a historical hero, and you will understand why I chose her. Her name is Aimée Crocker, a woman who inherited a fortune but refused to live a conventional life.
She: 1. Orchestrated a drinking game with Oscar Wilde, and entertained guests by playing piano with her toes.
2. Was the first English speaking woman to spend time in a harem. 3. Went to the red-light district of Hong Kong by rickshaw. 4. Hung out at an opium den. Paid to free an addicted slave prostitute.
5. Spent a night slumming in the Bowery and Chinatown, then invited some characters home for a night of binge drinking, merriment and mayhem. 6. Spent an evening showing a young Rudolph Valentino how to do the Argentine Tango, the forbidden dance, in a New York nightclub.
#OnThisDay in 1944, Anne Frank and her family, along with the Van Pels family and Fritz Pfeffer, are arrested in Amsterdam by the German Security Police (Grüne Polizei) following a tip-off from an informer who was never identified.
__
Thread
Otto: "I was upstairs with the Van Pels family in Peter's room, helping him with his schoolwork. Suddenly someone came running up the stairs and then the door opened and there was a man right in front of us with a pistol in his hand.
Downstairs they were all gathered. My wife, the children, and the Van Pels family all stood there with their hands up in the air." Fritz Pfeffer was also taken into the room. The people in hiding had to hand in their valuables.
#OnThisDay in 1943, Jewish prisoners stage a revolt at Treblinka, one of the deadliest of Nazi death camps where approximately 900,000 persons were murdered in less than 18 months.
__
Thread
The uprising was launched on the hot summer day of 2 August 1943 (Monday, a regular day of rest from gassing), when a group of Germans and 40 Ukrainians drove off to the River Bug to swim.
The conspirators silently unlocked the door to the arsenal near the train tracks, with a key that had been duplicated earlier. They had stolen 20–25 rifles, 20 hand grenades, and several pistols, and delivered them in a cart to the gravel work detail.
Dublin, 1916. Several British officers were enjoying lunch without a care in the world.
Suddenly, their meal was given a extra bit of local garnish: shards of glass falling into their plates...
... from windows shattered by gunfire. Ducking for cover, the officers pulled out revolvers and began shooting in the direction of their opponents — only for the British gunfire to be returned expertly by a woman who would come to bedevil their every moment.
This was Countess Constance Markievicz, a socialite who’d traded gowns and balls for guerillas and bullets.