A sign of salvation and hope in the midst of despondency and horror. (Symbolizing the ram in the thicket that Abraham sees just as he thinks he is condemned to sacrifice his son).
A trumpet blast for battle (as in the battle of Jericho).
An alarm clock for the soul.
An instrument of the human cry, the vessel for an inarticulate shreak, like the cry of Rachel, the cry of exiles, the cry of a people in bondage, the lone cry of the dissident prophet in the wilderness.
A request to be heard—the people’s request of God’s and God’s request of the people. We ask “Where are you?” And hear the question turned towards us.
A tree falls in the forest and makes no sound; a shofar blasts in the desert and reverberates in every subsequent shofar blast across the world.
The shofar is a dog whistle of the cosmologically responsible.
According to Rav Yitzchok Hutner, the shofar is the paradigmatic thing, not unlike Heidegger’s jug. The shofar is defined less by its walls than by its emptiness. The shofar's walls represent this world, while the sound emanating from the hollow is the echo of the world to come.
For Cynthia Ozick, the shofar symbolizes the paradoxical unity of particularism and universalism. The narrow end of the shofar is Jewish culture, peoplehood, covenant, while the wide end is what the world hears.
The shofar is a vestige of a time when a ram’s horn was a cutting edge technology. Now, the defunct, low-fi means of sounding out is a symbol of the continued relevance of the seemingly irrelevant, the holiness of the discarded.
The shofar is the “subaltern” voice of those who have been lost to history, the retort of the lost cause. We may not be able to listen to all prayers and demands, but God can. The sound of the shofar says, “You are not alone.”
Tekia!
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Time for a @threadapalooza on Martin Buber (1878-1965), philosopher, theologian, sociologist, translator, novelist, mystic, and romantic. Buber would not be on Twitter, seeing it as a degraded form of relationship and emblematic of what he called "the Eclipse of God."
An existential and spiritual crisis in his youth led him to break from his family's rabbinic lineage (which, according to lore, traces back to King David) to become an "enlightened" scholar. 2
But Buber, over his life, cannot be easily placed in either the religious or secular camp, and is a useful thinker, even when he is wrong (or over-zealous), for causing us to rethink the boundaries between the sacred and the profane. 3
The time has arrived for a @threadapalooza on Richard Rorty (1931-2007), pragmatist, ironist, liberal, and romantic; a self-cancelling philosopher who imported European postmodernism into the American mainstream, and believed fiction could do what metaphysics could not.
Rorty is one of those thinkers whom it is fruitful to think with even if you disagree. His position is beautifully clear & his synthesis of traditions wide ranging and admirable. If for no other reason we owe him a debt for making difficult 'continental' thinkers intelligible. 2
For me, the most compelling insight in Rorty is that the blessings and challenges of private life conflict with those of public life. We can't reneg on our responsibility either for being a self or for belonging to society, but each requires a different set of habits. 3
Liberalism is premised on our epistemological weakness. But once you argue that the main obstacle to knowledge is not cognition, but something like will, or something like leadership, it’s not clear why we should value liberalism. Instead we should value aristocracy.
Perhaps the liberal and aristocratic ideals both have some merit and so we must be condemned to cognitive dissonance.
I am delighted to bring you a @threadapalooza on Friedrich Schlegel (1772-1829), philosopher, poet, novelist, critic, founding figure of German romanticism. An atheist at first, Schlegel converted later in life to Catholicism. Schlegel is the unsung muse of hipsters.
The first thing to note about Schlegel is that he sounds like a joke-ified version of Hegel. "Hegel, Schlegel. Bagel." The Schlegel spills the philosophy; the Schlamegel gets spilt on. In seriousness, though, Hegel knew Schlegel and was once his student. 2/
Schlegel was a mischief maker who had a lot of fun, but he was a serious thinker, too. His humor and love of irony comes out of his thoughtful consideration that philosophy can't know as much we'd like it to. Skepticism animates his love of art, creativity, and faith. 3
Here goes my @threadapalooza on Franz Rosenzweig (1886–1929), a heartfelt thinker, passionate seeker, Jewish community leader, avant garde translator & major influence on Walter Benjamin, Emmanuel Levinas & Leo Strauss. He died young (from ALS), 4 years before Nazis took power.
His last works were composed using a single finger tapping method, a la Stephen Hawking, which his wife would then transcribe. Like many of his generation, Rosenzweig also struggle with depression. He believed every person should have at least one "dark night of the soul." 2
Rosenzweig is a genius but doesn't get the play he deserves, outside of a small devoted readership of Jewish and Christian readers (and some idiosyncratic academics) for a few reasons. 3
I'm excited to bring you a @threadapalooza on Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855), one of the greatest religious thinkers of modern times, a brilliant literary stylist and psychologist whose influence reaches everywhere, from Dr. Martin Luther King to the films of Terrence Malick.
Alfred North Whitehead famously wrote that the history of philosophy could be written as footnotes to Plato and Aristotle. But we could just as well say that all of modern thought is a footnote to the debate between Hegel and Kierkegaard. 2
That debate concerns many things. Can all opposites be resolved harmoniously in a higher synthesis as Hegel thought, or is life a matter of deciding between irreconcilable, competing truths, an either/or. 3