2. Wuhan University ABSL3
Experimental work using humanized mice will be conducted at the Center for Animal Experiment Biosafety 3 lab of Wuhan University at the School of Medicine in Wuhan, China.
3. Humanized mice for experimental infection
"To understand whether bat covs that utilize receptors found in people have potential to infect people, we will use Swiss albino mice (standard breed at Wuhan University) that have been genetically modified to have human receptors"
4. Wuhan University Swiss Albino Mice (2)
"We'll infect them with cultured bat coronaviruses and determine which organs become infected and whether these mice are capable of shedding infectious virus."
5. Humanised Mice with ACE2 or DPP4 genes
"Humanized mice will be genetically modified to carry human ACE2 or DPP4 gene will be used to evaluate pathogenesis of CoVs. We cannot anticipate exactly how many viruses we will find that are candidates for experimental models"
6. 20 Viruses, 80 mice, what could go wrong?
"we estimate that we will use 4 adult mice (2 male, 2 female) per virus and that we will identify approximately 20 viruses that will be used
for mouse infection experiments. This will require a total of 80 mice over the study period"
7. Project Performance Sites
EHA & WIV and WHU
8. Many Biosafety Issues Identified at Wuhan University ABSL3 in our third report (next tweet)
Experimental work using humanized mice will be conducted at:
Center for Animal Experiment BSL 3 lab of Wuhan University
UNC at Chapel Hill
Institute for Pathogen Biology (Beijing)
13. We are sure the mice did shed infectious virus!
"We'll use Swiss albino mice genetically modified with human receptors. We'll infect them with cultured bat coronaviruses to determine which organs become infected & whether these mice are capable of shedding infectious virus"
14. Ever Increasing Numbers of Humanised Mice
Humanized mice genetically modified to carry human ACE2 gene used to evaluate pathogenesis of CoVs
5-6 bat SARSr-CoV strains used for mouse infection experiments
15-20 adult mice per virus strain will require max of 120 mice
15. The biggest joke of all - Lab biosafety
WIV & WHU ABSL3
All experimental work using infectious material will be under appropriate biosafety standards. Disposal of hazardous materials will be conducted according to institutional biosafety regulations.
16. The Second biggest joke - Correct PPE protocols
They lied
We have the photographic evidence and written confessions from Chmura and Zhengli Shi
They use a dataset skewed toward Yunnan & Laos (p. 16), leading to phylogeographic models that place SARS-CoV ancestors far from Wuhan & Guangdong (p. 12).
This sampling bias undermines the reliability of their geographic inferences.
23. Neglecting Alternative Hypotheses
No SARS-CoV-like viruses near emergence sites?
They completely overlook non-bat reservoirs, like civets or pangolins, which could explain local circulation (p. 15).
This omission weakens their claim of distant ancestor origins (p. 12).
24. Inconsistent Molecular Clock Rates
The paper misuses variable NRR-specific clock rates, which give inconsistent SARS-CoV ancestor dates (e.g., 1944–2014 for SARS-CoV-2, p. 9).
Without any validation of bat-specific rates, this approach has no rational grounding (p. 14).
"our inferences of the time of the ancestors of human SARS-CoVs and their closest bat sarbecoviruses are UNBIASED"
6. Captain Obvious Strikes Again (1)
"we show that the ancestors of SARS-CoV-1 & SARS-CoV-2 likely circulated in horseshoe bat populations 100s to 1000s km away from the sites of the emergence of these viruses in humans & as recently as one to six years prior to this emergence"
7. Captain Obvious Strikes Again (2)
"Our findings indicate that there would not have been sufficient time for the direct bat virus ancestor to reach the locations of emergence of the human SARS-CoVs via normal dispersal through bat populations alone"
Fragments of human SARS-CoVs share recent common ancestors with bat viruses
SARS-CoV-like viruses have circulated in Asia for millennia
Ancestors of human SARS-CoVs likely circulated in China & Laos
Ancestors traveled unexpectedly fast
2. No Pangolins allowed!
There is insufficient temporal signal when calibrating a molecular clock using tip dating with sarbecoviruses sampled from bats & pangolins, likely as a consequence of limited sampling across space & time.
Therefore, we used SARS-CoV-1 genomes!
3. Definitely no pangolins!
As sampling locations of SARS-CoV-1, 2 & pangolin sarbecoviruses likely do not represent where their direct bat virus ancestors circulated, we EXCLUDED their locations from phylogeographic analyses to avoid the IMPACT of dispersal of non-bat hosts!
"I worked with researchers in this space - virology + combatting future pandemics - in the decade before the pandemic".
2⃣ One Fact
"The one fact that the last 5 years never readily disclosed is that the core ideology of this community of researchers was fundamentally divided"
3⃣ Lab based creation of super-viruses
"About half of the researchers, including many leading virologists whose names appeared in the news, believed and argued passionately for the lab-based creation of super-viruses and super-bacteria"
Turning and turning in the petri dish,
The scientists cannot hear the warnings;
Genes recombine; the barriers cannot hold,
Evil virology is loosed upon the world,
The blood-dimmed tide is loosed, and everywhere
The ceremony of innocence is drowned;
The best lack critical thinking, while the professors
Are full of furious bias.
Surely some revelation is at hand;
Surely the cover up is now banned?
Lab Leak! Hardly are those words out
When a vast image out of Human Folly
Troubles my sight:
3. Somewhere in Wuhan
somewhere in the cell lines of a Chinese laboratory
A shape with pangolin body and the head of a bat,
A gaze blank and pitiless as the sun,
Is moving its long tongue, while all about it
Reel shadows of the indignant molested bats.