Prof. Christina Pagel Profile picture
Sep 17, 2021 10 tweets 6 min read Read on X
Quick THREAD on current England situation:

TLDR overall cases falling but case positivity pretty flat... cases rising in school children but falling in young adults.

Hospitalisations remain relatively high. Simple things now will prevent things getting worse. 1/10
First off - some excellent news: vaccine uptake in 16/17 yr olds is very good and many 20-30 year olds are now fully vaccinated. I have no doubt this is having a big impact on cases! 2/10
Now some less good news... Hospital admissions have fallen slightly this week (good) but remain relatively high, as does hospital occupancy at just over 6,000 inpatients. 3/10
While these nums are way less than Jan peak & ~5% of current occupancy, they are still a lot of patients. And many are very sick and that's a problem.

20% of all critical care capacity right now is Covid patients & that restricts a strained NHS ability to do other work. 4/10
We have plateaued at ~110 deaths a day reported in England - that's a lot and 6x higher than this time last year before we had vaccines... This shouldn't be the new "normal"

see @HelenRSalisbury & @martinmckee 's BMJ blogs
bmj.com/content/374/bm…

blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/09/14… 5/10
So to cases... these have fallen in England this past week - which is good but positivity rates have been falling *much* more slowly, which suggests that at least part of this drop is reduced testing.

ONS infection survey to 11 Sept also found flat (but high!) cases. 6/10
If we look at ages, cases are highest & flat or rising in 5-15 year olds (as are their positivity rates)

Falling a lot in 20-29 yr olds (vaccination?!) and flat or falling in 30+. Hopefully combo of hot weather, high vax, many still being cautious.

But what's that hotspot?7/10
Highest cases in country right now are in Leicestershire - where schools went back a bit earlier on 23rd August.

Cases in 5-15 year olds there are soaring while falling in other young adults and flat in older adults (for now). 8/10
So what does autumn hold? Well SAGE are worried that schools + uni + return to workplaces could lead to more sustained high cases.
They suggest some simple things that could be done NOW to prevent this.
assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/upl… 9/10
@IndependentSage also have a 9-point plan to prevent a new spike - and that also keeps the economy open.

independentsage.org/wp-content/upl…

Govt is currently doing very little to prevent the pandemic worsening. They didn't listen to SAGE (or us) a year ago - let's hope they do now! 10/10

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More from @chrischirp

Jun 4
As ever, I am getting lots of pushback.
Here is a compilation of the European countries I've found with recent wastewater data. Some are going up a bit, some down a bit, some are flat, none are anywhere near previous peaks.
I can't see anything here to be panic anyone. 1/3
Image
I can't find the dashboard for Spain, but others saying it is in a wave. Perhaps it is. England has just had one - the last data we had (a couple of weeks ago from Bob Hawkins) looked as if our wave had peaked.
So, I'm not seeing reason to think things are terrible here! 2/3 Image
Yes there are new variants growing right now. They are not growing faster than JN.1 grew in December and that wave did not end up as bad as feared.
Clearly it remains true that Covid is NOT a seasonal disease (unlike Flu and RSV)
3/3
Read 5 tweets
May 8
Quick thread on the Astra Zeneca (AZ) covid vaccine since it's been in the news today.

TLDR there isn't a new "smoking gun", the AZ vax was one of first and cheapest, it saved millions of lives globally, there are better vax out there now, adapted to new variants 1/9
the AZ vaccine was one of the first approved at the end of 2020, cheaper than Pfizer, and - importantly - easier to administer in lower resource settings as it didn't require super low temperatures for storage 2/9
In most countries it was first rolled out in older adults. As it was rolled out in younger adults, a *very rare*, serious, side effect was noticed - it could cause deadly blood clots

This was spotted quickly and studied. Vax monitoring did its job. 3/9 Image
Read 11 tweets
Apr 2
A short thread on why this is not a scary chart and why all the evidence suggests that there is not much Covid around right now. 1/6 Image
the above chart is recorded covid hospital admissions / reported covid cases. It is close to 100% now *because basically only hospitals can report cases since Feb 2024*

It is to do with changes in case reporting and NOT hospital testing
2/6
In fact hospital testing has been steady since the change in testing a year ago (only symptomatic patients get tested now).

The % of people PCR tested who have Covid is 4% - there is no evidence that there are loads of symptomatic people in hospital being missed. 3/6
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Read 6 tweets
Dec 21, 2023
Beyond a shadow of a doubt that England is in its biggest Covid wave for well over a year now, with latest ONS infection survey results published.

I've written about it here
1/7 tinyurl.com/ru7h3m28
Image
The UKHSA have now published their modelled estimates of what percentage of English population has Covid. And as of a week ago it's high (4.3%) and rising.

Read all about it here!
2/7
It's highest in London, South East and East & in young and middle aged adults.
The main thing is it's going up and fast, so prevalence will already by significantly higher now than it was last week. 3/7
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Read 8 tweets
Nov 30, 2023
Short thread on what I said on Channel 4 news tonight.

1. Did I find Hancock a sympathetic witness?

A: I find it hard to have sympathy for someone who repeatedly claimed to have thrown protective ring around care homes, while discharging covid+ patients into them.

1/5
There were *28,000* excess deaths in care homes Apr-May 2020.

Harries thought it was "clinically reasonable" not to treat covid +ve residents in hospital. Even it was, it was NOT reasonable to return them somewhere they could infect so many other very vulnerable people. 2/5
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2. Did I think scientists bear blame for not emphasising asymptomatic transmission?

A: No, because they very clearly did advise there could be asymptomic transmission before March 2020 - sources in next tweet. 3/5
Read 5 tweets
Nov 30, 2023
Hancock: "there was no way we could allow the NHS to become overwhelmed"

Except, the NHS WAS overwhelmed

Here is what NHS staff said about that time - Pls read whole 🧵
"Heartbreaking"
"Horrific"
"It broke my soul"
"We cried, we came home exhausted. We were overwhelmed"

1/16
"Overnight we were told that all “safe working rules” were gone. There was no choice, we were forced to do it"

"It felt like a death sentence. It felt out of control"

"We were put on wards with no senior support, sometimes makeshift ... with little of the right equipment"

2/16
"Terrifying. A huge sense of duty ... but also terror. We were unprepared & ovt clearly had no plan"

"We had patients on wards on 19 litres of oxygen - this would never happen under normal circumstances - they’d have come to Intensive Care but we didn’t have the space"

3/16
Read 17 tweets

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