Wait for it...

The 7 hottest summers in recorded history have all occurred in the last 7 years.
The last frame as individual images.
I often get asked why I use 1951-1980 average instead of something more recent...

The answer is covered in the FAQs: data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/faq/

Also, the baseline period for comparison to 'average' does not affect the underlying data or trend.
What if we compare the summer of 2021 to the averages of different baselines?

For example, parts of Europe were cool compared to recent summers but still warmer than what would be considered an average summer 40-70 years ago.
The last 142 summers in 16 seconds.

Summer here referring to the Northern Hemisphere summer (averaging the months of June, July and August)
Global average temperatures for the months of June-August since 1880.

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More from @ScottDuncanWX

19 Sep
The volcanic footage coming out of La Palma in Spain's Canary Islands is just jaw dropping right now 🌋

Previous eruption was 1971 and 1949 before that.

🎥 Via @Armeteo

Many link this volcano back to a documentary and research which hypothesised a potential megatsunami threat in the Atlantic.

This theory is criticised. The wiki page shows many research papers against this idea.

Check out the 'Tsunami scenarios' section.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La_Palma Image
This is a nifty graphic showing when and where previous eruptions took place on La Palma, Canary Islands.

Read 4 tweets
19 Sep
Wait for it...

Greenland Sea ice is at its lowest extent in recorded history right now.
The final frame in more detail next to the mapped ice extent and concentration via @NSIDC data.

Notice the median ice edge (1981-2010 average) for this time of year represented by the orange line. ImageImage
Notice the high annual variability. I have plotted last year in yellow just to show how different extent can be year-on-year. Sea ice extent is driven by many factors.

Data available here goes back to the late 1970s.
Read 5 tweets
15 Sep
Summer 2021 was exceptionally hot when compared to a summer average from 1951-1980.

But it felt cold in large parts of Europe? This map must be wrong?

It turns out, 'how we feel' can be explained - without data, we are just opinions.

A thread...
Let's start by comparing summer of 2021 to a more recent average of 1981-2010.

Already looking less fiery and red. This basically tells us that the summers between 1981 and 2010 were warmer than those between 1951-1980.
But what about Summer 2021 vs the 21st century average so far?

The reds in western Europe erode and essentially we learn that the summer in 2021 was nothing special compared to this average (but is still considerably warmer than 1951-1980 average for example).
Read 5 tweets
14 Sep
Extreme heat in 2021 breaks the famous Dust Bowl record from 1936 for hottest summer on record in the USA.

In 1936, we observed a hot blob on a relatively cool planet. Today, we have a hot blob on a warm planet.
More on the breakdown here: ncdc.noaa.gov/temp-and-preci…

Notice it was the minimum temperatures from 2021 that really packed the biggest punch to beat the record of 1936 hot summer record.
A lot of comments and questions about the data plotted in the main post.

Please check out the frequently asked questions
data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/faq/
Read 4 tweets
7 Sep
Europe has just observed its warmest summer on record according to the data of @CopernicusECMWF
I urge those that might comment to read the summary by @CopernicusECMWF

It wasn't warm everywhere in Europe. But where it was, it was exceptional. Some historic heat in the mix.
Read 5 tweets
16 Aug
Whoaaa...

Spain's @AEMET_Esp 🇪🇸 has just confirmed a NEW all-time maximum temperature record of 47.4°C (117.3°F).
Previous verified record was 47.3°C from 13 July 2017 (same location).

Thanks @IsabelIsamoren and @Rub_dc for extra info around this. There are other weather stations from the subnet which recorded higher but are yet to be verified.

More here:
This is how the temperature across Europe compared to the long term average.

Exceptional heat was focused on Southern Europe and North Africa. Spain in the epicentre. Not surprising to see records break.
Read 4 tweets

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