🔹Pain medial mid-portion AT
🔹Worse with DF e.g. uphill running
🔹Worse with pronation
(⬆️ forces on medial AT)
🔹Poor response to rehab
(3/12 progressive loading)
2/4
Further info:
🔺Mechanism of pain/injury may be compressional force of plantaris against AT tendon
🔺Plantaris is possibly less likely to be acutely injured as it’s stiffer than AT
🔺Scan options: UTC/US/?MRI
Image from: sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
3/4
Mx:
Treat as insertional tendinopathy:
🔸Heel lifts in shoes 6-12mm
🔸Avoid loaded DF (eg eccentric drops off step) unless we’ll tolerated
🔸Progress load>ROM first
If rehab not progressing:
💉Consider CSI around area
🔪Surgery to remove plantaris:
⁃ 94% return to sport!
4/4
Balance Assessment in Dancers 🩰
Mini thread 🧵
Are tests specific enough and are they validated to be part of a return to dance criteria? 🤔
🔸Pirouette test 🌀
🔸Hip airplane 🛩
🔸Force plates 💪🏼
🔸SEBT (+ variations) ☮️
🔸Single leg stand 🦩
1/4
Pirouette & hip airplane are the most specific, but quite subjective in how they’re scored. SEBT & SLS are overly static. Force plates are unavailable at most dance facilities and don’t replicate a dance environment eg noise-free/no dynamic movement 🤔 2/4 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34517937/
A combination of the pirouette test, sauté test (dance version of a continuous hop test) & hip airplane has been used to Ax readiness for pointe work 🩰 This could potentially be extrapolated for use with dancers returning to dance following injury 👍🏼 3/4 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21067685/
The collective minds of #medtwitter helped me compile this list of resources for Pts. I’ve aimed it primarily at dancers 💃 but there’s lots of crossover with other sports 🎿🏄🏻♂️
Off Loading:
Rest/activity modification
No barefoot walking/No heels 👠
Possible air cast boot for Freiburg’s or stress #
Rocker bottom shoes ⬇️ pressure through MT heads. ‘Hoka’ are a more fashionable option 😎
General:
Go for flat, wide box, roomy shoes with stiff sole👟
2/10
Orthotics work by changing the kinetics not the kinematics - the force but not the position. You can off load a structure without seeing a physical change🦶🏼
🔹MT dome pads (blue) placed proximal to MT heads
🔹Full or 3/4 insoles
🔹Cut out pads
🔹Gel pads for MT cushioning
3/10
Arthritis, particularly OA most frequently affects the 1st MTPJ. It’s quite common in dancers, secondary to hallux valgus. Inflammatory conditions may cause a number of MTPJs to flare up - see also ‘synovitis’ - 10/11 in this thread…
2/11
Gout:
The 1st MTPJ is the most common location in the foot for gout. Caused by excess uric acid, think quick onset & severe pain - often at night. Look for heat/swelling/redness. Rich diet & excess alcohol often causative. Pseudo gout (CPPD) is more common in the knee…
3/11
MRI/POCUS of LL injuries in ballet dancers Bauman (2015) pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26788031/
I still need a bit (lot) of help reading scans, so this paper was useful 📝
This 🧵will skim the surface of when best to use each imaging modality & discuss common Ballet injuries + their scans:
1/16
US = fast & accessible - great for assessing superficial tissues or areas like the F&A🦶🏼
MRI = better for global evaluation of structures & deeper tissues eg articular cartilage/bone. While MRI is a static image, US can provide real-time visualisation of structures in motion
2/16
Posterior impingement
Os trigonum with bone marrow
oedema
Much more commonly found/symptomatic in ballet dancers who perform on pointe 🩰 than the musical theatre dancers I work with, owing to the extreme ROM required in plantar flexion that can compress the post. ankle
3/16