The Emissary Profile picture
Oct 19, 2021 7 tweets 3 min read Read on X
As time went on, other Muslim League leaders would fire their rhetorical silos on the justification of Pakistan. They would inevitably be tied to not just Muslim safety, but Islamic fulfillment of power & God given right.

Pakistan could only be an Islamic State. Image
One of the most interesting parts of the Raja of Mahmudabad’s case was the superiority of Islam as an eternal and supreme religion, a Sanātan Dharma in a way 😎. The Prophet Muhammad had perfected & revived Islam which was sent to all peoples over history. Image
Mahmudabad contrasted this perfect Islamic state with the follies of European nations & accuses Gandhi of encapsulating a hybrid faulty nation combining Tolstoy &…get this…Savarkar to create a Congress Hindu Raj.

OTOH, he viewed Pakistan as a future national model for the 🌍. Image
Something I want to make clear - all ML leaders were very aware of the fate of the Muslims of UP, the Quraysh of Indian Muslims. From hostage population theory to being mujahideen who sacrifice their lot for Pakistan to an outpost of expansion. Image
Khaliquzzaman, another ML leader, would follow comparing wataniyat(nationalism) vs mazhab(religion). Ironically, he claims that Indian Muslims would never harm their Afghan brothers if ordered by an Indian Premier.

Seems like only the Taliban are convincing enough today… Image
Besides the hostage population theory, another common thread amongst ML leaders was the begging of British Raj assistance & promises to sabotage the “Hindu Raj” independence.

It was partition or bust for many ML leaders as demands for confederate federalism failed quickly. Image
Khaliq reflected a common position of integrating ALL of Punjab & Bengal(& Assam) as part of Pakistan. Demographic expansion was encouraged in border districts. He wanted Urdu/UP Muslim culture to be directly bordering Pakistan as a perpetual influence to Islamicize Punjab/Bengal Image

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More from @TheEmissaryCo

May 11
Many are disappointed with the ceasefire, including me, but I think we need to zoom out (& zoom in via satellites) to really get a handle on what the latest Indo-Pak conflict means for 🇮🇳

🧵

PS - Sunrise at 3:15 AM in Pakistan really captures what we should focus on. Image
Strategically, India has gone far beyond what most would assume, especially in the shadow of cowardice that gripped India pre-Uri/Balakot.

India unleashed its vaunted missile arsenal, wreaked havoc with drones, & resolutely defended the skies via its air force & especially its air defense systems - the latter of which proved to be a surprise prize winner amongst the lot, especially considering how much of it was indigenously made.Image
What should be certainly appreciated more is the sheer depth of Indian penetration in Pakistan while the reverse was rendered almost completely null by India's stellar air defense systems.

Beyond the surreal videos of missile strikes, we are seeing satellite images & amateur stills & clips of the aftermath.Image
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Read 10 tweets
Apr 25
The best part of the idea of 'India being a COLONIAL construct' coming to fore is that we can debunk this in the open.

Here are a list of ancient names for India from across the world 🇮🇳🌍🧵 Image
In this case, I will refer to strict subcontinental boundaries at inception, so I will skip Āryavarta in the Vedas & go directly to Bhārata - named after all-conquering King Bharata.

Here's an emphatic declaration from the Vishnu Purana. You cannot argue with geography... Image
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Jambudvīpa, the Island of the Jambu (Indian blackberry) tree, is found across ancient literature as well.

The below excerpt shows how subcontinental the idea really was as the extreme south is directly correlated with extreme north for pilgrims.

Read 10 tweets
Apr 23
A few thoughts on the (geo)political ramifications of the Pahalgam Massacre: Image
Firstly, we have to start with Pakistan. There was local support in Kashmir, but the signs point to Pakistani involvement whether via the actual terrorists (a couple have already been ID'ed as Pakistani) or just clandestine support from the Pakistani state.

If you look at it from their angle, this is a great time to pull this off. Whether Pakistanis are seen as strong-willed or numb, they've endured massive economic stress which now seems to be cooling. Simultaneously, Baloch & Pashtun lands have seen much more militant attacks recently. For the Pak Army, there's no better time to unite the Pakistani people via provoking India than now.

They won't seem desperate due to economy not being the *worst* it could be (while still being bad). And also they can rally around alleged Indian involvement in Balochi & Pashtun areas.Image
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For India, it is an interesting situation to say the least. The economy is doing good, but could be doing better - much better in fact. Reforms are coming via state and some backend central moves (that may materialize or not) but for the centre, there is a looming notion of pulling the trigger of reform and going head to head with anti-development forces, something that could definitely result in electoral defeats and power loss.

This is a double-edged sword here. On one hand, Modi could use a riled up populace to sneak in reforms on the down low. On the other, it could be seen as too opportunistic in a time where he should be doing more to address the issue of Kashmir/Pakistan. Nonetheless, the initial diplomatic silo has been a solid and uncharacteristically quick first move. Keep an eye on how uniform the condemnation has been from the West & Gulf countries, this may play a role in further long term beyond military action like economic or diplomatic isolation that could bleed Pakistan over the years.

Kashmir has had issues recently with terror attacks, but it is relatively much more stable than pre-370 and easily much better than high octane periods like the 90s. Tourism and investments were rising. For local separatists, this wasn't a good situation. They do not want locals to let go of their very real religious bigotry & ethnic animus towards Hindus & Indians just for a couple of rupees. This attack in coordination with Pakistan helps kill the money train & slow motion normalization (some may say futile normalization).Image
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Read 4 tweets
Feb 2
The India They Saw - Vol 4: 18th-19th Centuries

Our final segment: 🇮🇳 at the eve of colonization was a sight to behold for adventurous Europeans.

The prize of the world attracted missionaries, merchants, mercenaries, & metaphysicians who wrote in detail about what they saw.

🧵 Image
The explorer, Fraser, gives a stunning description of Gangotri - being the first European to ever lay eyes on the holy site.

The account continues after the below page: “…now reached the holiest shrine of Hindoo worship which these holy hills contain. These are surely striking considerations, combining with the solemn grandeur of the place, to move the feelings strongly.”Image
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Another riveting description of the site.

The Gangoti temple built by the Gurkha General Amar Singh Thapa is still there today. Image
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Read 40 tweets
Oct 29, 2024
One of the biggest precursors to the Meiji Restoration was the downfall of the samurai.

Once revered as emblematic warrior elites, they were now debased in the eyes of commoners.

This collapse of hierarchy would pave the way for a cataclysmic civil war changing Japan forever 🧵 Image
The primary reason for their fall was their involvement in commercial affairs & subsequent deep debt many took on due to a weak hand when it came to finances:
The most kinetic aspect of this was the entry of commoners into formal armies in the form of mixed units (kiheitai), especially those of the Choshu domain.

The kiheitai were originally not that successful as Choshu commoners didn't respect the samurai, especially rebels (ronin).Image
Read 10 tweets
Oct 14, 2024
I increasingly go to LW outlets for RW wins.

The reasoning is this... 🧵 Image
1. RW had a very successful messaging strategy for the past decade - OUTRAGE.

Outrage over uneven secularism, communal incidents, etc... It was a shattering of mainstream narratives by the internet & it felt great.
For many, the usual outrage has gotten stale. The new fashion is criticizing the BJP for not being Hindu enough

Now THAT gets clicks & gives people that same twang of outrage of old WhatsApp forward of a random communal riot or love jihad or whatever

Folx get off on this stuff
Read 9 tweets

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