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Oct 21, 2021 6 tweets 4 min read Read on X
Waris Shah was not a cheerleader for invasions by Ahmad Abdali but he certainly has not referred to the latter as "rabid dog of Kabul".

– Thread

The seat of Ahmad Shah Abdali was Qandahar and Waris Shah always refers to him as Qandahari. "Kabuli dogs" gets mention only once in ImageImage
the Heer when he likens a group of aggressive women to the Kabuli bitches (female dogs). Its poetry so it is open to interpretation but he is mostly likely talking about the Kabuli breed of dogs rather than Kabuli women. He certainly is not talking about Ahmad Shah Abdali. ImageImage
He always refers to Ahmad Shah Abdali and his force as Qandahari in his poetry. Screenshots from an Urdu translation of Heer (available on Rekhta website): ImageImage
Punjabi nationalists should refrain from presenting poetry of Waris Shah as words of Quran. Using the same Heer, one can also vilify Punjabis. For example Waris Shah says that all Jats are iman-farosh (ایمان فروش), thieves and high-way robbers. Image
An interesting side fact is that Waris Shah (a Sayyid) considered Sayyids, Mughals as well as Pashtuns as nobility (شرفا) of Punjab. Many of those Pashtuns settled in Punjab, spoke Pashto as evident from his poetry. ImageImage
Note that Waris Shah derisively likens men and women to various kinds of animals through out his poetry. Thats why its almost certain that he is talking about a breed of dogs from Kabul.

Some screenshots from an Urdu translation of Heer in prose form : ImageImageImageImage

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More from @Pashz7

Nov 29, 2021
Jadunath Sarkar has erred there. In April 1757, Ahmad Shah Abdali was only 33 years old and was not a man of "grandfatherly age" by any stretch of imagination. Hazrat Begum (the Mughal princess) was 17 years old in April 1757 when she married Ahmad Shah Abdali (According to
Jadunath Sarkar, she reached her 16th year in February 1756).

J.N.Sarkar statement that Abdali's "two ears had been docked and nose was rotting from a leprous carbuncle", is not supported by any source.

Ahmad Shah Abdali 's face was not rotted with cancer in 1757. This is
evident from the portrait of Ahmad Shah Abdali made in c.1757 AD ; his ears and nose are intact : expositions.bnf.fr/inde/grand/exp…

Ahmad Shah Abdali contracted the nose cancer only a few years before his death in June 1773 AD.
Read 4 tweets
Nov 28, 2021
A desi sepoy of British-Indian army bringing in a captured Mohmand (Pashtun) freedom fighter, 1897.

It is most probably an imaginary scene by the British war artist, with the idea to appreciate Indian soldiers for their subservience and loyalty to the British raj, and to Image
disrespect those who had risen against them. It is very noticeable that Pashtun freedom fighter is drawn with looks of a villain. He looks as of he is possessed by evil demons.
The above painting could be inspiration from an earliar imaginary painting made during Second Anglo-Afghan War : historyofpashtuns.blogspot.com/2019/03/the-st…
Read 4 tweets
Nov 28, 2021
They did not defect to the Afghan side. After the death of Adina Beg, Marathas gave the government of Jalandhar Doab to Adina Beg's widow while the government of Sirhind was given to Sadiq Beg Khan (one of the follower of Adina Beg).

When Ahmad Shah Abdali entered Punjab in
1759, Adina Beg's widow and Sadiq Beg Khan joined the forces of Marathas in their flight from Punjab.

The only Punjabi Muslim clans who were favorably inclined towards the Afghans and opposed Marathas, were Gakkhars and few other tribes of Sind-Sagar doab.

In November 1758
(when Punjab was still under the rule of Marathas), the Gakkhars and Afghans crossed river Jehlum and occupied Gujarat. Khwaja Mirza (the son in-law of Adina Beg) drove them back to Sind-Sagar doab with great difficulty.

Ahmad Shah Abdali had strengthened the allegiance of
Read 6 tweets
Nov 26, 2021
Fun fact : British abandoned their traditional red coats and adopted Khaki uniform for their soldiers because of the dusty hills of Pakhtunkhwa.

In 1848 a British officer Sir Harry Lumsden received an order to raise a special regiment to deal with Pashtun tribesmen of the
1/4 Image
frontier. Harry Lumsden realized that his soldiers in the red coloured uniforms will be very conspicuous in the dusty hills of frontier and will be easy target for the Pashtun snipers.

Harry decided to abandon the red coats. Instead he put his men into cloth dyed in the
2/4
same colour as the landscape. The soldiers called the cloth “khaki,” from the Urdu word khak, or dust.

The idea was highly successful. During the Indian Mutiny (1857-8), it spread to other British troops fighting engagements in sandy country. It was used during the Second
3/4
Read 5 tweets
Nov 25, 2021
Maharaja Ranjit Singh was a man of few virtues and of many vices. He was what we call "کچه" (morally low) in Pashto.

In 1831 French Botanist Victor Jacquemont met Ranjit Singh. The former describes Ranjit Singh as a "shameless scoundrel". He writes that Ranjit Singh was not Image
content with women of his own harem and he fancied wives of other men, and common prostitutes ( Jacquemont has phrased them as "those which belong to every body").

Ranjit Singh would mount an elephant with a prostitute by name of Moran and would shamelessly engage in foreplay
with her in front of all the people of Lahore on streets. Victor Jacquemont further writes that Ranjit Singh constantly complained about his impotence without shame.

Ranjit Singh who is viewed as "secular" by liberal Punjabis of Pakistan, often committed sacrilege of the
Read 6 tweets
Nov 9, 2021
That's incorrect translation by Charles Stewart (and distorted interpretation by you). Afghans (the rulers at that time) did not have any such "peculiar custom" to hand over their wives and "daughters" to their Hindu subjects as mortgage.

The original Persian text simply says
that Jauhar Aftabchi (the ewer-bearer of Mughal emperor Humayun) was assigned the pargana of Haibatpur (after it was wrested from Afghans). There he found that young children (not wives) of the "Mawalis" (a term used for servants, dependents or freed slaves of a household) of Image
Afghans (not "Afghan farmers") were mortgaged to Baqqals (a grocer caste of Hindus). The "Mawalis" (موالی) of Afghans were none other than the subjugated Indians. Their Afghan masters had used the children of their Indian servants as mortgage for loans from Baqqals. The word
Read 6 tweets

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