There is a paper story included into this famous German painting of 1830s from Carl Spitzweg. You may know the common interpretation of the Poor Poet (German: Der arme Poet): Attention to the material misery of most artists and their work!
Let's start a #paperhistory thread. 1/x
The painting came in three versions and the one remaining copy is nowadays in the Neue Pinakothek (Munich: pinakothek.de/kunst/meisterw…). Let's focus on the paper used and present in this imagined scene of a poor poet in his attic room in the 1830s. 2/x
Easy to spot in the room are a few big bound books. They may be bound in leather but they are printed upon paper, very likely before 1800. These are used books, old books, second hand books. Nota bene: The German antiquarian book trade developed in these days, #bookhistory. 3/x
Paper sheets being used: The poet writes upon paper, as the quill in his months indicates, and a few loose sheets are in his hands. An inkpot next to the bed (bad idea), and a waste paper lying crumpled-up on his chest. Forming ideas into words was a paper using practice. 4/x
Bonus detail: an inkpot waiting to be used, on top of a box, halb way on a book, next to a bed. He was a confident poet!
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Where to store your loose paper sheets? Often the sheets were stored in boxes like the one next to the bed. Experts do know: this box was was not only storing papers it was decorated with paper too. Decorative papers were a thing long before the 1830s.
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Most of the papers written upon in the past are gone, as #bookhistory knows. What we consider part of our bookish worlds and knowledge heritage are only the remaining artefacts of this scribal and printed culture. Our poet knew this: he destroyed unfit writings in the oven. 7/x
The self-destruction of writings by authors, in this case of unfit manuscripts, was and is a strong force. The to be destoyed paper sheets are from the near by waiting-to-be-burned bundle titled "Operum meorum fasciculum III" (English: The third bundle of my works).
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Rich in satirical detail, the imagined working conditions of an impoverished poet "doing his thing" with an umbrella positioned to protect him from the leaky roof tells a lot of poverish and problematic stories of earning money with words - and in print. But, there is also .. 9/x
... so much fresh and used paper present, paper sheets being used, and waiting in boxes, and manuscripts being burned in the oven, etc.
All this is also a scene of the necessity and availability of paper in our cultural management. How dare we call it a printing age.
How to hold a paper letter in early modern Europe? A thread.
How to hold a paper letter in early modern Europe? Like a ruler (here Philip IV of Spain in 1643), being informed and part of every communication network there is. Signal: I am easygoing and powerful.
How to hold a paper letter in early modern Europe? After work (here: Agostino Pallavicini in 1621), still dressed in business clothes, but after having finished the usual multitasking and decision making. Signal: I am overworked but happy.
Fancy a word of academic German today? #Schreibschulden - the texts you promised to send to someone but missed the deadlines, and apparently your growing overload of to do reviews, chapters and articles become part and argument of every academic conversation you have.
"Wie geht es Ihnen und den #Schreibschulden heute?" (Gehört auf einem deutschen Universitätsflur in einem Historischen Seminar).
"Ich kann leider keine Rezensionen mehr annehmen, meine #Schreibschulden verbieten es mir" (Höfliche und häufige Floskel in Emails).
That's an early modern street seller, selling broadsides and printed paper crowns for christmas.
Step 1 of #PaperCrownsForChristmas
The street seller is a detail of a painting from Joos de Momper the Younger, a Flemish painter active in Antwerp between the late 16th century and the early 17th century. So the paper crowns were likely sold in Antwerp or nearby.
Step 2 of #PaperCrownsForChristmas
Mobile sellers of paper products, like newspapers, broadsides, pamphlets etc., were a thing in early modern Europe. In fact, they were almost everywhere. And paper crowns were seasonal extras.
Step 3 of #PaperCrownsForChristmas
More information on the small print (an etching!) with the letter receiving or sending young woman can be found here: bavarikon.de/object/bav:UBE….
The purpose of paper letters being sent within the Early Modern European territories from A to B seems to be clear - it was about communication. However, we shall not forget that especially private letters were among the most read, and re-read, texts.
Among the many reusages of paper in early modern Europe was certainly rereading letters. A short thread - using a 1780s painting from Marguerite Gérard - for those interested in #paperhistory and #bookhistory:
Step 1.
Let's start the look at rereading (and paper storing) practices of rich Europeans with details on the painting used. You see Marguerite Gérard's painting from c. 1785, nowadays in the Bayerische Staatsgemäldesammlungen - Neue Pinakothek München, sammlung.pinakothek.de/de/artwork/ApL…
Step 2.
Important paper letters were stored in tiny boxes - for rereading aloud and silently, alone and in company.
One way to sell news in early modern Europe: combine extraordinary topics that were published elsewhere before, and then republish them in a new pamphlet.
The selection and combination of three extraordinary topics was an easy task for an experienced publisher. To start with, you needed to buy and read other pamphlets or news prints of the time. Media echoes of interesting stoiries were omnipresent and easy to spot. Have a look:
The severe weather, with thunder, heavy rainings and lightning, was all over the German news in 1684. Even if you missed the news reports in newspapers, there were also extra pamphlets devoted to the topic available. Like this one: