1st paper📰 Infection Cohort 👉We analysed neutralising and T cell responses in 118 patients with cancer, where SARS-CoV-2 infection was defined by positive PCR or antibody test. COVID-19 severity ranged from asymptomatic to severe (1/6) nature.com/articles/s4301…
Most patient with solid cancer had neutralising antibodies while blood cancer patients had reduced or absent neutralising responses (2/6)
Patients who were infected with either the original strain or the Alpha variant had neutralising responses that were reduced against the Beta and Delta variants (3/6)
Neutralising responses were durable for up to 11 months after infection, even though we observed a decline in S1-reactive antibodies in a proportion of patients (4/6)
SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were observed in most patients with solid cancer. Patients with blood cancer had lower levels of CD4+ T cells and CD8+ T cells (5/6)
We found evidence of compensation in patients with blood cancer. Patients treated with anti-CD20 had no neutralising responses, but all had T cell responses, which may have aided clinical recovery of these patients (6/6)
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2/9 People with blood cancer have 🔼 risk of severe COVID-19 as they make 🔽 neutralising Abs after vaccination
Many can’t take antivirals like Paxlovid due to therapy interactions
Therapeutic Abs protected from COVID-19 in pre-Omicron era but what about XBB, XBB.1.5 and BQ.1.1?
3/9 @NICEComms recently issued interim guidelines advising use of Sotrovimab in clinically vulnerable patients who can’t take antivirals nice.org.uk/guidance/TA878
Results from ADAPTeR Phase II clinical trial, bulk/single-cell analysis of longitudinal tumour samples ⤵️(1/15) @royalmarsdenNHS@TheCrick@uclcancer
Intratumour heterogeneity (ITH) is pervasive in ccRCC & longitudinal data on anti-PD1 response is scarce 🚨 Thus we performed multi-omics analysis on 115 multiregion tumour samples, taken at baseline, week-9, & PD, from 15 treatment-naïve patients treated with nivo 🔬 (2/15)
What are the determinants of anti-PD1 response? 🤔 In keeping with other studies, no nsSNV/fsINDEL/copy number event, nor TMB/wGII (measure of chromosomal complexity) correlated with response, pre or post-nivo, even accounting for ITH (3/15)
2nd paper 📰📰 Vaccine Cohort 💉 We analysed vaccine responses in 585 patients with cancer after COVID-19 vaccination, measuring neutralising responses against the original SARS-CoV-2 and variants of concern (incl. Delta) and T cell responses (1/11)
After two doses of either Pfizer-BionTech or Oxford-AstraZeneca, 83% of infection-naïve patients with cancer developed antibodies against the original strain, but only 54% of those had neutralising antibodies against Delta (2/11)
Importantly, we show that while the proportion of patients with S1-reactive antibodies is concordant to patients with NAb against WT SARS-CoV-2 it can overestimate neutralising responses against variants of concern (3/11)
Two papers OUT NOW in @NatureCancer ‼️ What does the immune response in cancer patients look like after COVID-19 vaccination or SARS-CoV-2 infection? We present results from the #CAPTURE study. Two-part thread (vaccine & infection cohort findings) to follow... 🧵🧵 (1/4)
CAPTURE assessed functional immunity in cancer patients – given registry studies @COVID19nCCC@UKCORONACANCER show cancer patients are vulnerable to COVID19 & vaccines induce robust adaptive immunity but may be lower in blood cancer patients @EJohnWherry@florian_krammer (3/4)