The work of Sanskrit scholars in translating thousands of texts into Chinese over a period of centuries required creation of new words.
According to famed linguist Wang Li, Sanskrit words came to be embedded in Chinese language deeply in many ways that most are unaware.
1)
Scholar Victor Mair estimates that at least 35000 words are from Sanskrit, & many are in common use (e.g., fang-bian [convenient; from Sk., upāya, skill-in-means] and cha-na [instant; from Sk., kṣaṇa (क्षण, instant])
2)
Old Chinese was mainly monosyllabic. di- & polysyllabic word creation influence of Sanskrit
= pú ti xīn mind of enlightenment, gōng dé shuǐ meritorious water, zheng si wei right thought, po luo mi duo, pāramitā is perfection, fēi xiǎng fēi fēi xiǎng not thought nor non-thought
"According to Kuiji (632-682) translators even introduced the Sanskrit way of explanation called “liu li han shi” (sat-samāsāh) =six ways first explaining each word individually followed by explanation when combined. Today these words are used in daily life without origins."
4)
Enormous influence ranges "from vocabulary to phonetics, such as the four tones and Qieyun, and even the use of vernacular. The Sanskrit phonetic studies triggered the Chinese people’s interest in linguistic studies and eventually led Chinese people to invent tonal prosody."
5)
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
Dhāraṇīs in Sanskrit (written phonetically in Chinese characters) have been inscribed on pillars and rocks for over a thousand years in Asia (including on the Great Wall)
Here's one installed in Taiwan in 2005
2/
Hymn praising Shiva and Vishnu (Harihara) for their compassion through the yugas :
Direct experience alone is the basis for all proofs...
That substratum is the experiencing intelligence which itself becomes the experiencer, the act of experiencing, and the experience. [Yoga-Vasistha 2.19-20]
1/
Everyone has two bodies, the one physical and the other mental.
The physical body is insentient and seeks its own destruction; the mind is finite but orderly. [YV 4.10]
2/
I have carefully investigated, I have observed everything from the tips of my toes to the top of my head, and I have not found anything of which I could say, ‘This I am.’
Who is ‘I’? I am the all-pervading consciousness which is itself not an object of knowledge ...
3/
Japan remained true to its spirit and chose the path of the Samurai, while India did not. Sri Aurobindo: “In India, the bourgeois, in Japan, the Samurai; in this single difference is comprised the whole contrasted histories of the two nations during the nineteenth century.”
1)
"The belief that a subject nation can acquiesce in subjection and yet make .. progress, growing to strength in its chains, is a lie. The idea that mitigations of subjection constitute freedom or that anything but the exercise of liberty fits man for liberty, is another lie. "
2)
"The teaching that peace and security are more important and vital to man than liberty is a third lie.
The doctrine that social and commercial progress must precede or will of themselves bring about political strength and liberty, is a fourth and very dangerous lie;
3)
"Hope, undoubtedly, is greater than memory. For only when it is kindled with hope does memory recite Vedic formulas, do rites, seek to obtain children and wealth, and aspire to winning this world and the next.
So venerate hope.
1/2
"If someone venerates brahman as hope --well, by mere hope, all his desires are fulfilled and his prayers are answered; he obtains complete agency in every place reached by hope, if he venerates brahman as hope."
2/2
The (Two) Golden Fishes, suvarnamatsya, symbolize happiness, fertility and abundance & conjugal unity and fidelity.
They relate to two rivers the Yumuna and Ganga.
When shown swimming upstream they indicate attraction to the jewel of knowledge.
Treasure Vase, kalaśa, with a short neck with jewel (three jewels) in its opening. Denotes satisfaction of material desires.The sacred vase is filled with amṛta, elixir from heaven.
2/8
The Right-Turning (Coiled) Conch Shell, dakṣiṇāvartaśaṅkha, symbolized femininity and the world. The right-turning is consistent with circumambulating temples. Its sound represents teaching of the Vedas.