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Lazarus Long Profile picture
@LazarusLong13
Nov 12, 2021 • 16 tweets • 9 min read • Read on X
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A thread on ambulance ventilation.

And why you are going to see more staffing EMS staffing shortages - resulting in you laying forever next to your wrecked car.

Waiting to be picked up by CoVid+ EMT's in surgical masks.
Study is here - click the PDF button....or just ride along in this clown car.
researchgate.net/publication/33…

Looks like in the USA, there are no standards for ventilation in ambulances.

Used to be 30 ACH..which would be amazing.
In the UK, they recommend not using the recirculating air during AGP's, during pandemics.

assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/upl…

Currently, surgical masks as long as within 6 feet of the CoVid+. No recirculating.
gov.uk/government/pub…

All based on WHO guidance. (Foreshadow.)
The default ventilation of the ambulance is 5 ACH, IF the exhaust blower was on.

They replaced the default ventilation tho with the below HEPA filter, so they could get accurate measurements, avoiding external aerosols, and reset quickly.

Quite clever.
americanlaboratorytrading.com/lab-equipment-…
Here's the rest:

"For each test, four optical particle counters
(OPCs) were placed in locations representing possible positions for a seated EMS worker treating the
patient. OPCs were placed in the positions labeled OPC 1-4 when the cot was at 0° or 30°, and positions ..."
Before going on, let's touch on the 5 ACH that all of you will be hit with in surgical masks.

Even with surgical masks on, we have certainly seen a huge number of outbreaks in hospitals with 6 ACH (better) ventilation
and continuous surgical masking.

For example, Alberta Health Services, @AHS_media, which is the embodiment of the @WHO's IPC guidance.

Stands to reason as Dr. Conly rules over AHS AND the WHO with a very clean fist.

Back to our clown car, Lindsley (yep, the famous one) found that a single cough resulted at least some worker exposure.

Given that Delta is everywhere, and we now know it takes under 3 virii to successfully infect?

Not good.

Might not be a bad idea to buy a @FixTheMask brace
in case you have to go to the hospital or even ride in an ambulance.

Or make the 3 rubber band version and keep it in your wallet or purse:


Why would there still be exposure?

"Air circulation pattern in the ambulance patient compartment generated by...
the ventilation
system. The jet of air created by the air inlet causes a clockwise recirculation pattern to form which
circulates aerosol particles throughout the compartment. Even if the cough is directed toward the rear
of the ambulance, aerosol particles are carried
toward the front by the recirculation. Thus, a worker
anywhere in the ambulance is exposed to the cough aerosol particles."

Thus, you will be exposed to the same.

But does it have to be this way?

No. Or I should say, N100.

The same solution as in this thread that was
slightly viral about 25 years of no infection in the Texas TB hospital:


And the same solution being used today by NYC's EMS:
nydailynews.com/new-york/ny-fd…
But the story does not end there.
Did you know that someone tried putting a HEPA filter into an ambulance?

cdc.gov/niosh/hhe/repo…

"The effective
air change rates ranged from about 43 to 46 ACH in
the HEPA ambulance, and from 26 to 32 ACH in the
non–HEPA ambulance."

This provides further proof that
portable air cleaners such as the Corsi/Rosenthal Box are additive to any current air cleaning infrastructure.

And...they help remove aerosols much faster.

The message is the same because this is NOT rocket science.

Vax.
N100.
HEPA if you can afford it.
CR Box if you can't
A very cool simulation model study confirming what Dr. Noakes shared below. Thank you!

1 - An ambulance transport with a patient actively emitting a virus.
2 - A subsequent transport with an uninfected patient <- very interesting setup here.

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More from @LazarusLong13

Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 20
Not sure what is going on with @HealthcareGlob1 - they sure seem to have it out for @NukitToBeSure.

They blocked me after I pointed out that they were incorrect. I could care less about being blocked.

I do care they did not address the issues I raised. 🧵
They retweeted this tweet from DisabledDoctor, which has numerous issues.

1. FARUVC has been safely
& extensively tested on the eyes. There are a rather large number of studies on the topic.

2. FARUVC will not cause AQ issues, besides a Yup. Not even considering the fact that she recommends using her far-UV devices in ways that are possibly unsafe (pointed at face as they are untested on eyes and in poorly ventilated indoor spaces where it is likely it will cause air quality issues leading to or exacerbating respiratory problems). She's harming vulnerable people while profiting off of them and she seems to give no fucks while somehow managing to get people to aggressively support her when she is (fairly) criticized. She's a master manipulator 8:08 AM 11 Sep 29, 2024 7,975 Views
negligible amount of ozone.

But that's not me saying that, but the studies. Two studies in well sealed rooms - about 5 parts per billion, 5 ppb.

If you are in a well sealed room, you would want that window cracked, anyway, right?

If not, and you are In summary, the two published measurements of far-UVC associated ozone in real-world settings, both around 5 ppb, are likely to be upper limits in terms of real-life far-UVC usage; this is both because of the far-UVC doses used in the studies, but also because both rooms were comparatively well sealed (respectively 0.4 and 1.4 ACH, see Table 1), whereas far-UVC will predominantly be used in public indoor spaces, which typically feature higher air-exchange rates.18 Overall it is reasonable to assume that far-UVC-associated ozone levels in real-life settings are extremely unlikely to exceed 1...
Read 13 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 15
Got HEPAs and or a #CorsiRosenthalBox and still have VOC's?

(New furniture, left over smoke damage, odor, etc)

Welcome to @TheFandelier Quick VOC BUILD!

Goal below.
Slap filter on counter.
Slap fan on filter.
Slap USB adapter on fan.
Go.

/1 TruSens DuPont Odor & VOC Filter with True HEPA for Z-3000 TruSens Air Purifier with SilverStone fan.
THE FILTER.

TruSens DuPont Odor & VOC Filter with True HEPA for Z-3000 TruSens Air Purifier

This filter has more carbon than the others from this brand.

"The filter comes w/foam surrounds that make a seal w table and fan."

UPC is 038576802810

a.co/d/gcKIL5KBrandTruSens MaterialCarbon Fiber MERV Rating16 Compatible DevicesAir Purifier Item Weight1050 Grams UPC038576802810 ODOR & VOC DEFENSE : Activated carbon filter helps combat cooking and cleaning odors, and reduces airborne VOCs such as ammonia, acetone and formaldehyde. True HEPA filter captures common pollutants.
the Odor & VOC carbon drum has 3 layers of carbon
The link above will go dead eventually - that's why I am listing the full name above, so you can search for it.

THE FAN.

Silveratone AP183 140cfm is the one you want. The Silverstone AP 180mm is a great choice for the Maxx Core. It comes in a few flavors with varying price and cfm. They are all very sturdy. AP181 100cfm AP182 167cfm AP183 140cfm AP184 143cfm The 181 is very much slower than the others/cheapest. Get 183 if poss best bang/$
Read 15 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 14
The CDC decides if you, the other patients, and your HCWs wear surgical masks, N95s, or no masks in hospitals. Where you go to get better, not sicker.

They obey the HICPAC, who voted for NO MASKS - based primarily on one study to justify it.

A 🧵 of an inadvertent giant lie? N95 Respirators vs Medical Masks for Preventing Influenza Among Health Care Personnel: A Randomized Clinical Trial
I suspect it's not actually a lie - except it kind of is. You read and decide.

The study is Radonovitch (2019). It was done from 2011-2015.

Back then, most everyone, including the authors 👇, thought respiratory viruses were primarily transmitted by actual large droplets. Respiratory viruses are primarily transmitted by large droplets. Because a fraction of respi- ratory viruses may be transmitted by aerosol, N95 respirators have been presumed to pro- vide better protection than medical masks against viral respiratory infections in health care settings.2 However, definitive evidence of
Design and Oversight This cluster randomized, multicenter, prag- matic effectiveness trial 16 conducted between September 2011 and May 2015, with final fol- low-up on June 28, 2016, compared the effect of N95 respirators, used as recommended dur- ing the 2009 H1N1 pandemic, 13 and medical masks, used as recommended to prevent sea- sonal influenza 17,18 and other viral respiratory infections and illnesses, among HCP.17 The in-
Would N95s really be worth the extra cost, if that was true? (No.)

The study was a massive undertaking. It was done at 137 sites, spread over 7 healthcare systems, 5 states and Washington DC.

The investigators were blinded to who had N95s and who had surgical masks. year of participation. Study intervention sites included outpatient settings at the Children's Hospital Colorado (Aurora), Denver Health Medical Center (Denver, Colorado), Johns Hopkins Health System (Baltimore, Maryland), Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center (Houston, Texas), VA Eastern Colorado Healthcare System (Denver), Washington DC VA Medical Center, and VA New York Harbor Healthcare System (New York). Sample storage and data analysis sites
Read 30 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 14
There's a version of the "Had a bit of a health scare last night..." going around with laughing faces.

This is not that.

He went on to die the next day.

Short🧵 https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/montreal-man-dies-er-hospital-wait Montreal man, 39, dies from aneurysm after giving up on six-hour wait at ER 'Had a bit of a health scare last night, but thankfully it wasn’t a heart attack,' Adam Burgoyne said in a Dec. 5 post on social media. He died the next day Author of the article:Chris Lambie
He had no compassion for others, but I am not looking for compassion for him. Look, people can try the whole "you're so selfish!" routine to try to get me to wear a mask or stay home, but I couldn't possibly care less. Yes, I do care about my own life more than your 90 year old grandmother. Wish her all the best, but she's not my responsibility. 8:06 AM · Aug 31, 2023 · 3,517 Views Ⓐ @big_figgot · Aug 31, 2023 Wear all the masks you like, get 56 boosters this year and show the world how compassionate and virtuous you are by wishing death on everyone who doesn't think like you. Hiss and shriek at those who violate your 2m distancing bubble at the grocery s...
No, I just want to point out the failure of public health messaging here.

He goes after the Bangladesh study. A @big_figgot. Aug 31, 2023 ... The best they could do was the Bangladeshi mask study that showed only a 11% decrease in cases and only for people over 65 (IIRC - been a while since I read it). No difference in younger people. That was their best and they ran with it lying that it proved "masks work". 1 1 182 A @big_figgot. Aug 31, 2023 ... So EVEN IF we accept the results of the study which I find suspect for many reasons, it still doesn't justify the kinds of measures they were pushing.
Read 7 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 12
@naomirwolf - if you want to avoid inhaling shed vaccines, then you'd be wise to get an N95.

You might be tempted to ignore this thread, but I have 5 years of experience of helping people get into respirators that avoid the problems you have mentioned previously.

/1
To paraphrase you, wearing an N95 is better than a surgical or cloth masks for protection.

/2

You mentioned that wearing a respirator can have some problems.

And it can....but let me go to the original source and, more importantly, show solutions to those problems.

Read 9 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 9
@propublica - opening the window is not the only solution for formaldehyde.

In fact, formaldehyde is the most abundant VOC from fires. Like wildfires and wood burning stoves.

It is also found in tobacco smoke and automobile exhaust.

/1

acp.copernicus.org/articles/21/18…. x.com/propublica/sta…Formaldehyde (HCHO) is one of the most abundant non-methane volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted by fires. HCHO also undergoes chemical production and loss as a fire plume ages, and it can be an important oxidant precursor. In this study, we
Formaldehyde is also a byproduct of combustion. When burning natural gas, kerosene, gasoline, wood, or tobacco, formaldehyde is produced. Automobile exhaust is a common source of formaldehyde in our environment. Tobacco smoking in the home is another source of the chemical in the indoor environment.
A good rule of thumb? Open the window and smell smoke or auto exhaust? Formaldehyde.

Also, windows are at the edges of a room.

What if you want to hurry the process along and clean the air in the middle of the room, too?
Portable Air Cleaners with activated carbon filters will remove formaldehyde.

Here is Smart Air providing a very easy to read demonstration of this.

smartairfilters.com/en/blog/activa…
Read 6 tweets

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