Aerobic conditioning for team sport is not simply

Critical speed and maximal aerobic speed

Because intensity alone is not sustainable.

Here’s how to balance intensity and volume

Across different athlete profiles

🧵 Image
For a recap of athlete profiles see ⬇️

Low intensity aerobic training is the foundation

This PRINCIPLE holds true across athlete profiles

But the traditional FORMAT of continuous slow jogging

Only optimally serves endurance profiles

Commonly prescribed in the distribution ⬇️

What does this mean?

In endurance profiles look at doubling down on

Low intensity continuous work

It is their bread and butter

Hybrid and speed athletes will get there differently

Tempo examples discussed ⬇️

Elite⚽daily training could be 45 -120 minutes

With technical, tactical and physical aims

Over time providing large proportion of

Low-intensity continuous stimulus

Particularly for speed profiles

And it is this reason, that in team sports

I emphasize CS and MAS
As looking at the overall programme

The foundation is there

But key physiological stimulus that moves the needle

Can be missing on a regular basis

Often due to time crunch with 3 games per week

Pre-season you can take big steps on these capacities

In-season ‘micro’ build as game schedule increases

Remember aerobic fitness can also build resilience

To handle spikes in training load over time

Over time, the important thing is

The balance of training distribution

High-intensity (MAS) all the time is not sustainable.

Start with a flexible polarized model

Plus regular inclusion of CS training

Guided by athletes limiting factor

Speed profiles need:

• Less overall aerobic volume than endurance profiles

• But deliver it frequently

Because it is not their physiology preference,

These elements can de-train quickly
What if someone plateaus?

Change up format of stimulus delivery

And check other limiting factors:

Implementation of these principles

Will differ across athlete profile types

Why does this point matter?

One training model can benefit some

But over-train others

Example ⬇️

TLDR Summary (1/2)

• Low intensity continuous work balances intensity

• Traditional slow jogging and 80:20 distribution favors endurance profiles

• 80:20 format in speed and hybrid profiles is modified

• Because of the diversity of profile, it’s a very individual solution
TLDR Summary (2/2)

• Technical training provides large volume of low intensity continuous work

• Watch CS and MAS closely for physiological adaptation

• Aerobic fitness can protect against spikes in physical load

• 1 training model benefits some but over trains others
Let me know your experience! What have you found?

If you enjoyed this thread:

1. Comment/send me a DM to let me know what resonated!

2. Share a link to the first tweet ⬇️

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More from @Gareth_Sandford

5 Nov
3 crucial athlete profiles you need to know

That are quietly changing athlete conditioning in sport

• Speed profiles

• Hybrid profiles

• Endurance profiles

10 minutes of profiling

Will change the way you think about training forever…

🧵
Disclaimer

• This is a 1st layer profile

• But effective for large groups with time constraints

• Other measures can be layered on top

• Profile characteristics are middle of the bell curve

• Athlete examples are from observation or public data
Speed Profile (A⬇️)

• Low maximal aerobic speed (MAS)

• High maximal sprinting speed (MSS)

• Large Anaerobic Speed Reserve (ASR)

• Fast twitch fiber dominance

Example: Alfonso Davies ⚽

Read 14 tweets
27 Oct
Have you heard soft running surfaces reduce injury risk?

I thought that made sense

But the answer is not that simple

Learn how changing surface impacts:

• Muscles

• Tendons

• Bones

🧵
Disclaimer!

Speed plays a huge role on effect of surface interaction

This is controlled in many studies but not realistic

I.e typically people would run slower on sand than pavement

Here’s what you need to know from @BiomechMax @Brad_Beer chat on @tppshow1 ⬇️
Factors affecting training response to surfaces:

• Running style

• Foot strike

• Ground reaction force profile

• Control of stiffness

• Footwear (for more on this see ⬇️)

Read 20 tweets
4 Oct
Endurance performance focuses on:

• VO2max
• Lactate threshold
• Efficiency/economy

But what else impacts oxygen supply and delivery?

Here are 4 muscle characteristics that may be limiting your endurance performance ⬇️
1. Skeletal muscle fiber type

Slow fibers are for low intensity continuous activity

Fast fibers are made for explosive actions

Endurance athletes have 70-80% slow fibers

Sprinters have 20-30% slow fibers

2. Skeletal muscle fiber size

Fast fiber muscle is larger in size

But has lower aerobic capacity

Slow fiber muscle is smaller in size

But has higher aerobic capacity
Read 10 tweets
8 Sep
What limits maximal muscle power performance?

Lessons from the frontline of Elite Sprint Cycling

Details ⬇️
Most prominent factors:

• Muscle cross-sectional area

• Fiber type composition

But these dynamics shift with specific pedaling rate
At low cycle frequencies:

• Maximal force
• Rate of force development

may be most critical to power production
Read 10 tweets
24 Aug
Great question.

When to use Anaerobic Speed Reserve (ASR), Critical speed (CS) or both?

I’ll tackle this from 2 aspects:

• Training model selection

• Performance estimation

A thread ⬇️
Some sports require athlete strengths along the full speed/power duration relationship (middle distance)

Both CS and ASR model stimulus apply

See training zone example⬇️

Other sports (e.g teams) have more focus on the top part of the speed-duration curve

ASR model stimulus applies more regularly

Read 10 tweets
20 Aug
A thread:

I have had a few questions about #innovation observed at @Tokyo2020 Olympic games.

Some frontline insight ⬇️on

• 'Super spikes'

• Cooling strategies

• Innovation lessons
Super spikes

A common question: ‘more force is better right?’

• Performance upside is high

• Injury risk also high

A spike in load is still a spike in load

A different distribution of forces may cause problems

Is the risk worth it 1 week from Olympic final?

Also...Not everyone can access the shoes (contracts)

Read 12 tweets

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