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Nemets Profile picture
@Peter_Nimitz
Nov 23, 2021 • 5 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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Copper to Bronze Age Iberia paper discusses the apparent late 4th or early 3rd millennium BC migrations that spread Zagrosian-like (aka Iran_Neolithic or Ganj_Dareh) ancestry around the Mediterranean. Interestingly they explicitly exclude Minoan origin. science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…
In supplement they guess that ancestry might be from Italian groups. Would have to be southern Italy origin if they are right since Etruscans didn't have the Zagrosian-like ancestry:
While Indo-European male lineages (R1b-P312) in Iberia almost completely replaced of those of their predecessors, about the same number of men & women migrated to Iberia during the invasion(s) in the 23rd century BC.
More evidence confirming that Thucydides was right, and that the Sicanians were from Iberia - their men have same haplogroup lineage:
ZAP002 was foreign man from ~1750-1550 BC & was buried with locals in Almeria. He had ancestry characteristic of N Africa in addition to Indo-European & Mediterranean (Sicilian? S Italian?) EEF ancestry. More evidence for IE migration to N Africa.

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More from @Peter_Nimitz

Nemets Profile picture
Sep 18
In line with archaeology, western & central Iberia were populated by hunter-gatherers distinctive from those on Mediterranean coast by their higher Magdalenian ancestry. Those hunter-gatherers had a resurgence over the EEFs as elsewhere during neolithic.



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Steppe ancestry in IEs was diluted by the time that they reached SW Iberia at end of third millennium, in line with other studies. However, there are signs of an Eastern Mediterranean migration to Iberia in Bronze Age or earlier:


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There was substantial migration to urban areas in Portugal during the Roman period from Eastern Mediterranean and North Africa. If these samples are representative, about half of the urban population was foreign-derived. Date of the site isn't provided, but was after 100 BC.

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Read 6 tweets
Nemets Profile picture
Sep 3
Safavids were, like Ottomans, born in obscurity in chaos of mid-13th century Mongol invasions - although as Sufi order rather than as tribal migration. Contrary to later propaganda, Sheikh Safi was not a sayyid or from a Shia background, but he became prominent in a Shia milieu.



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Safavid Order had a waqf (charitable endowment) for its benefit by 1305 in Ardabil. Its network of followers expanded in Anatolia, Khorasan, & Mazandaran under aegis of Ilkhanate & some of its successors, but was forced to arm some of its supporters in at least Ardabil.

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Timur, the greatest mystic of his era, liked the Safavid Order & granted it additional lands to financially sustain its missionary efforts. However, the Order was squeezed by his sons, who desires to centralize power in the realm.

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Read 10 tweets
Nemets Profile picture
Jun 19
Thread with excerpts from "Tribes and Politics in Yemen: A History of the Houthi Conflict" by @BrandtMarieke Image
The concept of "dual use" knowledge Image
Provinces of Yemen Image
Read 73 tweets
Nemets Profile picture
Jun 7
Thread with excerpts from "Hezbollah: A Short History" by Augustus Richard Norton Image
Shia birthrates in mid-20th century Lebanon were higher than those of Sunnis & Christians. Image
from 1950s to 1970s Lebanese Shia typically supported secular parties led by Christians - whether rightist or leftist. Growth of armed Palestinian formations in Lebanon in 1970s drove formation of both coalitional & oppositional Shia organizations.


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Read 36 tweets
Nemets Profile picture
Apr 29
Thread with excerpts from "Revolutionary Iran: A History of the Islamic Republic" by Michael Axworthy Image
one reason to find the Iranian Revolution interesting is that it proceeded to follow a non-Western path of development, much like India & China, rather than following the Western path.

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Iranian Shia Islam is a more organized & disciplined force than Sunni Islam in most of the rest of the world as the result of an enduring clerical hierarchy (the Sunni Caliphate was dissolved in 1924).
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Read 41 tweets
Nemets Profile picture
Apr 15
one Chicago entomologist used a beetle species as a proxy for water quality (Chicago Water Management is perhaps not trustworthy?) Image
alcohol consumption in at least New Kingdom/Roman Egypt as a means to avoid Schistosomiasis: ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…

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barbers & pedicurists are unsurprisingly some of the oldest professions.
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Read 14 tweets

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