Media reporting on COVID vaccination should focus much less on fully-vaccinated people, especially when comparing countries.
It's a metric that has many more flaws than the rest of the vaccination figures, and we now know that it doesn't have as much epidemiological relevance.
Flaw 1: the original definition of the protocols was sometimes very arbitrary. J&J doses give you a full vaccination, but only because that's what the company tested. But since J&J seems to give lower protection, many countries recommend people get a 2nd dose of another vaccine.
Flaw 2: definitions vary from country to country. A few countries in Central Europe consider that people with a previous infection + only 1 dose are fully vaccinated. It isn't necessarily a bad thing, but it makes it very hard to compare full vaccinations accurately.
Flaw 3: if what you're interested in is vaccination uptake / willingness to get vaccinated, then "people fully vaccinated" is basically lagging behind "people with at least 1 dose" by several weeks. That makes it a much worse metric, and you can simply look at 1st doses instead.
Flaw 4: "full vaccinations" don't tell us anything about booster doses, which we now know to be a very important factor in renewed epidemic waves and waning immunity. As reported by @jburnmurdoch & @mroliverbarnes, "3 doses" is the new "2 doses". ft.com/content/974487…
For all these reasons, reporters (& governments) should focus less on fully-vaccinated people, and instead look at these more relevant metrics:
• For uptake: people with at least 1 dose
• For cumulative protection: total doses per 100
• For recent protection: boosters per 100

• • •

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More from @redouad

25 Nov
South African cases in the JHU data show a big spike on Nov 23. This is likely to be a simple artifact or an error, rather than the number of cases detected that day. For now, we've removed that data point from the 7-day average on our charts. (Issue: github.com/CSSEGISandData…)
In case that's not obvious, this doesn't mean the conversation & concerns around B.1.1.529 aren't relevant. It simply means that the cases specifically reported by JHU on November 23 shouldn't be linked to that conversation – because we don't know yet if those cases are "real".
There we go: it's a backlog of antigen tests added to the cumulative total. Importantly, "The estimated number of new cases for 23 Nov 2021 is 868"
Read 6 tweets
23 Nov
NEW: To understand how the pandemic is evolving, it's crucial to know how death rates from COVID differ by vaccination status.
In this post we explain why rates are the key metric to use for this, and we show the latest data for the US, England, and Chile: ourworldindata.org/covid-deaths-b… Image
You may sometimes see headlines like “Half of those who died from the virus were vaccinated”.
But it would be very wrong to draw conclusions about the vaccines based on this headline, because we also need to know how many people in this population were vaccinated & unvaccinated. ImageImage
In the post, we walk you through an example to illustrate how to think about these statistics in a hypothetical case.
The same logic also applies in the pandemic. Comparisons of absolute numbers, as some headlines do, ignore the fact that one group is much larger than the other. Image
Read 8 tweets
13 Sep
We've added charts on country-by-country donations to COVAX: ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinat…

Donations are broken down by whether they have been only announced, actually donated, or delivered to the recipient countries.

Chart 1 shows absolute numbers; chart 2 shows donations by GDP. ImageImage
In absolute numbers, the largest pledges have come from:
🇺🇸 US: 290 million doses announced
🇬🇧 UK: 80 million
🇫🇷 France: 54 million

But so far only a fraction of these doses have been delivered:
🇺🇸 US: 77 million doses donated & delivered
🇬🇧 UK: 5 million
🇫🇷 France: 4 million Image
Once we adjust for the size of each country's economy, the largest pledges were made by:
🇬🇧 UK
🇨🇦 Canada
🇫🇷 France
🇺🇸 US
🇪🇸 Spain

And the largest vaccine deliveries have come from:
🇺🇸 US
🇸🇪 Sweden
🇬🇧 UK
🇫🇷 France
🇳🇴 Norway Image
Read 4 tweets
13 Aug
There is a rising debate in Spanish Twitter following this tweet by Pedro Sanchez.

The question being: is it true that Spain is first in the world in vaccinations, or is it just the first country in the default selection on this chart?
Due to limited space on our charts and the number of countries in our data, we can't show all countries. We make a default selection based on a mix of criteria, the main one being population (if you can't show everyone, the second-best thing is to show as many people as possible)
Now, are there countries that have vaccinated a higher % than Spain?

For a population > 20 million, there aren't.

For a population > 10 million: Chile, Portugal

For a population > 1 million: UAE, Singapore, Denmark, Uruguay, Qatar

For a population > 100,000: Malta, Iceland
Read 4 tweets
23 Jan
Regarding vaccination speed and comparisons between countries (especially in the EU), some people say that "it doesn't matter how fast you start, what matters is crossing the finish line at the same time".
But that's not at all how an epidemic works. Quick explanation below.
This claim can be summarized by the following chart: both the yellow and the black country arrive at 100% coverage by the same date.
But the country in yellow started very quickly and slowed down, while the country in black started very slowly and then strongly accelerated.
The idea that those two trajectories are equivalent works for many things in life.
For example, if two marathon runners follow those trajectories during a race, they will indeed cross the finish line at the same time, and neither of the two strategies can be said to be "better".
Read 8 tweets
20 Jan
After several years contributing in various ways to the wonderful resource that is @five_books, I officially sent my last newsletter today!

Here's a list of some of my favorite (and most related to my work at @OurWorldInData) interviews that I published between 2018 and 2020.
[Computer science] How do computers work? What is well-crafted code? How do you write an algorithm? @anabellphd, lecturer in the Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department at MIT, chooses the best books to learn computer science & programming. fivebooks.com/best-books/pro…
[Data science] This new discipline has risen to extreme popularity in the last decade. @rdpeng, Professor of Biostatistics at Johns Hopkins University and founder of one of the largest data science online courses, recommends the best books to dive into it. fivebooks.com/best-books/dat…
Read 8 tweets

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