According to one of the Shilpa Shastras, “the Shilpan (artificer) should understand the Atharva Veda, the thirty-two Shilpa Shastras, and the Vedic mantras by which the deities are invoked, piously acquiring a knowledge of various sciences, such a one is indeed craftsman.”
Elsewhere it is said, “the painter must be a good man, no sluggard, not given to anger; holy learned, self-controlled, devout and charitable, such should be his character.” It is added that "he should work in solitude, or when another artist is present, never before a layman.”
In this connection, the artisan or artist possessed an assured status in the form of a life contract, or rather a hereditary office. He was trained from his childhood as his father’s disciple and followed his father’s calling as a matter of course.
He was a member of a guild, and guilds were recognized and protected by the king. The artificer was protected from competition and undercutting; it is said: “That any other than Shilpan should build temples, towns, seaports, tanks or wells, is comparable to the sin of murder.”
Excerpts from:
Ananda K Coomaraswamy. “The Dance of Shiva: Fourteen Essays”
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
While founding the Ceylon Social Reform Society in 1905, Ananda Coomaraswamy talked of two essential pre-requisites that needed to be fulfilled before any social reform could be ushered in Ceylonian society.
First, the basis of the revitalization of society should be cultural pluralism. Hence, all Sri Lankans should be taught Sanskrit, Pali, Sinhala, and Tamil to truly appreciate their culture. And the understanding that Sri Lankan heritage could not be separated from the Indian one.
Second, what was ideally the requirement for modern times was the blending of the superior features of Eastern civilization with the best features of the West.
How the principle of 'interdisciplinarity' was so integral to even a text that was written some 1000 years back. The Samarangana Sutradhara was written by Maharaja Bhoja of Dhara (c. 1010-1055) as a complete manual on all arts.
Even though it had a special focus on architecture, it also talked about how the same principles can be used in paintings as well. These principles can be further used to define human psyche, by linking different color schemes to different human emotions.
A painting, says the text, should have six limbs; pramana- appropriate size, rupabheda- variations in form, sadrishya- a reflection of reality, bhava yojana - the ability to evoke the desired mood, lavanya yojana- a glimpse of the beauty & varnikabhanga- the choice of the color.
~ Kesa-vinyasa: Hairstyles (coiffures) in early Indian arts
The scriptures/mural representations, ranging from the 2nd-century BC to the 17th century AD, have detailed out the everyday living of Indians. This literary data has immense value in analyzing the culture.
The Harappans were quite interested in unique hairstyles and using combs and mirrors for making their hair-do. The picture here shows a Mirror, hairpin & collyrium pot, dated 2700 BC.
The dancing girl of the Harappan period is one of the finest examples of Indian art. An exclusive feature of this sculpture is her hair, coiled beautifully in a thick mass falling over the right shoulder.
The same pipeline/network effect can now be seen in the education sector. So many of them with the one-year-long degree from Harvard are now in the business of 'revolutionizing' education, neatly aligned with agendas of the world bank/IMF/Impact bonds.
A typical trajectory for such organizations/start-ups is to avail initial funding from the impact fund instituted at the graduating institution. Get recognition for your 'revolutionizing' work from the same network and get invited to a symposium organized by the same cabal.
What drives these organizations is not what structural problems education sector is facing, but what can attract funding and instant recognition. Hence, playing around with popular educational discourse, by using terms like 'at scale', 'evidence-based', 'theory of change' , etc.