👇 thread on crypto custody & MPC.
2 big deals were announced this week in the custody space & both Israeli
1. Unbound was acquired by Coinbase
2. Fireblocks raised another round @ a $8b valuation with backing fork Sequoia, Stripe & Sp k

theinformation.com/articles/sequo…
This comes after PayPal acquired Curve & Celsius bought GK8 (also Isralei), the trend seems to cement MPC as the emerging standard for institutional crypto custody across chains & DeFi products, slowly replacing HSM solutions tradfi has used for a while now
But the acquisition wave is part of a more interesting intermediation than wave happening across crypto. These custody companies started out as tech solutions licensed out to institutions (exchanges, MM, Fi, funds) to use for their capital, allowing them to built rule based tx
Rule based transactions of the sort tradfi uses allow clients to customize their own policies for crypto trading remotely, instead of using more manual execution contingencies or having to deal with cumbersome key management across the organization
However the real impact is who is buying up custody tech? It’s exchanges & players who are looking to build up a full stack Prime Brokerage service, thus positioning themselves as the crypto intermediary for institutionals.
De facto that might mean fewer solution on the market
The promise of MPC lies in the double whammy promise where custody can provide compliance in itself, by creating reporting & rules that will satisfy regulators.
The lack of a complete solution led a lot of FI capital to seek crypto instruments in tradfi (ETP, funds)
If clients will be able to get that full key solution only through a Prime Broker intermediary, we’ll see a lot more capital move through the big exchanges.
Unbound specifically is an interesting case. Led by Yehuda Lindell, who is behind a lot of the academic research in key management & mpc specifically, it’s been trying to go down the compliance use case for a while. But the main clients ended up being exchanges
The sum of the Coinbase acquisition (around $200 mil on $40 mil raised in equity) implies that the big returns in custody tech might be drawing to an end & from here on out custody valuations will rely solely on AUM

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More from @mayazi

29 Nov
Is privacy a feature or a Trojan horse coming for DeFi?
I’m a privacy advocate but wonder whether privacy for DeFi might be a self-goal that can harm innovation & any regulatory path DeFi was on.
1. A lot of the innovation in crypto & DeFi markets was built by ppl studying the entire on-chain market available to all & trading almost completely transparent. That helped democratize the DeFi knowledge vault across the chain - everyone can dig into trades on the last block
Privacy is a vital feature in financial markets, but it is essential for some use cases;
- dark pools
- OTC
- unsecured lending based on credit
- bank secrecy

In tradfi privacy is compensated by using intermediaries, who can lift their curtain at any point & reveal all
Read 4 tweets
24 Jul
The Uniswap front end blacklist is a seminal moment where regulations tested the nature of permissionless DeFi & low & behold the front end “censorship” we all expected to be the “worst case” happened.
The test case being synthetics isn’t a coincidence given the ire of regulators
This week we saw 2 very different approaches to regulated DeFi:
1. Gated KYC pools (Aave)
2. Front end censorship (Uniswap)

The Uni approach is the best case, given that it incentivizes new on-chain detours & might migrate some liquidity from the Uni client to others
Expect a lot more cat & mouse between DeFi client apps & on-chain detours, I expect this to play out in a similar fashion to the Pirate Bay wars.
Read 4 tweets
20 Jun
There are 4 issues in the digital economy that will probably need to coalesce around a multifaceted regulatory solution in order to provide a plausible way forward that doesn't undercut liberal capitalism:
* anti-trust
* privacy
* identity
* AML/KYC
Anti-trust:
Beyond the Big Tech "break them up" narrative the real moat most of the platforms have that allows them to scale entire new product lines is the users' data they keep on file & the need to re-authorize access in order to access their platforms.
for any sustainably competitive environment to replace the big tech dominance, we need the proper infrastructure for cross-platform authorisations & access.
Meaning, let users export their data & plug it in across-platforms. but then remember that data, is essentially digital ID
Read 8 tweets
30 Jan
The next few days ppl will make the case for how crypto would have solved the Robinhood saga:
1. Permissionless access - no one can block ppl from trading on DEXes or limit what assets they can invest in (theoretically)
2. Blockchain as a real settlement network instead of DTCC
Where trades are settled on T+2
3. Transparency allows for real time reporting on holding & shorts would bridge information asymmetry
4. Intermediary fees for market makers/brokers/settlements
The truth is more nuanced & grey.
1. Permissionless is only on-chain. Most ppl/capital still trade on exchanges or OTC. Despite a spike in on-DEX trade (with Uniswap even surpassing Coinbase during the DEFi hype), most trades will stay off chain for a while because /
Read 19 tweets
14 Jan
You can’t applaud Israel’s vaccine success without understanding the nation’s healthcare is built around community based preventive care run by 4 competing non-profit HMOs.

It’s like Obamacare’s multi-tiered public options run by free market, probably as progressive as it gets
How do they compete? On service, perks, tech & convenience.
How fiercely? Well, Covid introduced a new vector - offer young ppl vaccines before they’re eligible according to the national criteria.
So HMOs w/an older demographic started campaigns incentivizing young ppl to switch
The other aspect of the huge advantage Israel has is digital health record.
Rabin’s gov, who reformed the health insurance in 93’, made it a point to digitize all medical records & secure them across HMOs according to strict MOH privacy guidelines, including cyber security
Read 5 tweets
8 Sep 20
DeFi truism:
1. DeFi is a rerun of the 2008 asset backed finance bubble on speed. Predictable with self-gobbling mechanisms multiplying systematic risk via leverage in the system & composability
2. The bubble will be bigger than 17’, due to leverage & shorts
3. People will scam
4. Eventually the Cambrian explosion will implode on bag holders, but the winners have a leg up in regulated markets. Their DeFi financialization protocols will be battle tested in a way no sandbox can match
5. Security tokens will win demand from tegaukted DeFi before enterprise
*regulated DeFi before enterprise security token gain any significant market cap. No matter which consortia is behind it
6. Some DeFi projects will immigrate to CBDC networks it’s corporate chains, after they’ve gained enough capital
Read 6 tweets

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