Dave Kline Profile picture
Dec 2, 2021 13 tweets 4 min read Read on X
Root Cause Analysis (aka The 5 Whys) is a common consulting tactic.

But it can actually fuel personal development.

I've run 100's of these sessions and learned one key truth:

The 6th Why is the one that matters 🧵
1/ The 5 Whys?

It's a diagnostic problem solving technique popularized by Sakichi Toyoda, the Japanese industrialist & Toyota founder.

I practiced it at Bridgewater where it was the critical inflection point in Ray Dalio's 5-step process.
2/ The Theory

Ask Why questions to identify the underlying root cause of an issue.

Then make changes to improve outcomes in the future.

The deeper you dig, the higher the leverage of the fix.

Put simply: Don't treat the symptom, cure the disease.
3/ This practice has taken hold far beyond manufacturing:

4/ Why it works

In a word: Compounding

Treat the root cause effectively and you:

✅ Deal with the immediate problem

✅ Prevent future recurrences of the issue

✅ Address other seemingly unrelated problems

One fix to address many problems.
5/ Is it really that easy?

Actually, no.

Why questions are open-ended and can go a number of directions.

You definitely have the potential for a fractal of nonsense.

So be honest with each Why:

Is your answer the big deal or a distraction?

6/ Example

Customer abandoned a purchase on your site:

Why? They want a promo code
Why? They think your price is too high
Why? We didn't do market research
Why? We're understaffed
Why? I haven't filled the position

Magic, right?

Well, almost.
7/ The 6th Why

Do you notice what happens as we move through the Whys?

💡 They get specific -> We progress from what happened to what caused it.

💡 And more personal -> Groups narrow to individuals.

There's one more Why & it's uncomfortable.

But that's where the growth is.
8/ Back to our example

Why haven't you filled the position?

❌ Maybe you designed an unattractive role

❌ Perhaps you didn't see the demand coming

❌ Or you are losing people faster than you can hire

These answers are raw & imply something about YOU is causing the issue.
9/ This isn't just about work

I can't get in shape

Why? No time to workout
Why? Day is packed with work
Why? My boss keeps piling on more
Why? B/c I haven't told her no
Why? B/c I can't disappoint her

Why? B/c I need the money

Wait, it's a money issue not a fitness problem?
10/ Now what?

Don't overreact to one mistake. We all make them.

Do watch for patterns of mistakes. These tend to reveal true weaknesses.

For these, consider how to best address:

- setup guardrails
- fix your habits
- automate
- eliminate
- delegate
If you found this personal improvement method helpful, please share the first tweet.

And follow me @dklineii if you're interested in more practical guides for your career and lifelong learning.
If you're a new manager, or a manager struggling to have the impact you desire, you'll be interested in my Systematic Management Accelerator:

• 3-week cohort
• Tight-knit peer community
• Tactics & systems to build & lead great teams

Join my waitlist
skillscouter.com/management-acc… Image

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More from @dklineii

Jul 5
Stop trying to motivate your team.

Fix your Energy Leak instead: Image
Quick energy audit for your team meetings:

How much time was spent on:

• Making decisions vs. debating decisions
• Solving real problems vs. talking about problems
• Moving work forward vs. explaining why work isn't moving

The answers will help you find the source.
The biggest energy leak isn't lazy people.

It's leaders who lack the courage to cut nonsense work.

Your job isn't to say "Yes" to every request. It's to protect your team's focus by saying "No" to work that doesn't move the needle.

Eliminate before you optimize.
Read 5 tweets
Jul 4
If I've learned one thing about leading teams the last 25 years, it's that you can't get anywhere without trust.

Here's how to build it (and keep it)🧵 Image
There are 4 types of trust.

Each one build upon the previous:

• Character Trust (integrity)
• Capability Trust (skills)
• Consistency Trust (reliability)
• Connection Trust (relatability)

Skip one and your foundation is shaky at best.
CHARACTER TRUST

• Do what you say you'll do
• Take radical ownership of mistakes
• Be honest even when it's uncomfortable
• Make decisions based on principles, not politics

Without integrity, nothing else matters.
Read 10 tweets
Jul 3
You finally delegated important work.

But how do you know it’s being done right?

5 steps to drive great outcomes w/o micromanaging 🧵
1. Set Expectations

Without agreement upfront, oversight will be random & unwelcomed:

-> Goal: What will be accomplished
-> Standards: Quality that signifies done
-> Process: How work will get done
-> Timing: When it will be done
-> Tolerance: How much risk you can handle
2. Call Your Shot

You should vary your level of oversight based on:
-> The criticality of the process
-> You confidence in the person to execute

Tell them how you'll monitor, or if you don't:
-> Whatever you do is a surprise
-> They'll think you're dumping useless work
Read 8 tweets
Jun 27
The telltale signs you're tolerating a toxic culture: Image
Toxic culture isn't always loud and aggressive.

Sometimes it's quiet and passive: • Avoiding hard conversations • Letting mediocrity slide • Never challenging ideas • Accepting "that's just how it is"

Silent toxicity kills performance just as fast as the loud kind.
The most expensive mistake leaders make?

Thinking a toxic culture will fix itself if they just ignore it long enough.

Spoiler alert: It doesn't get better. It gets worse. And it spreads.

Address it now or your best people will be the first to go.
Read 5 tweets
Jun 26
Your biggest leadership challenge isn't motivating your team. It's keeping them focused.

Every request you accept is a distraction you create.

Here are 5 ways to say No with finesse:
SAYING NO TO YOUR BOSS

• Build a capacity model that ties outcomes to headcount
• Show how new requests impact core results with data
• Use their agreed framework to make the decision for you

Script: "Based on our model, this means X drops by Y%. Worth it?"
SAYING NO TO YOUR TEAM

• Redirect their energy toward solutions, not complaints
• Make them think strategically about trade-offs
• Turn No into a learning opportunity

Script: "What would you stop doing? How does this hit our Q4 goals?"
Read 10 tweets
Jun 23
Brian Armstrong's letter to a Product Manager is actually the perfect blueprint for any people manager.

Why? Your team IS your product.

Let's apply his 5 principles to leading people: Image
1. UNDERSTAND YOUR TEAM DEEPLY

• Regular 1:1s to understand motivations and pain points
• Map strengths, growth areas, and working preferences
• Listen to what energizes vs. drains each person
• Empathize with career goals and challenges
2. BE METRICS DRIVEN

• Use data to identify team performance patterns
• Make decisions based on evidence, not assumptions
• Measure output quality, collaboration, growth velocity
• Track engagement, development progress, retention risk
Read 8 tweets

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