1/6
You have to be very careful about using year-on-year data after a year like 2020. According to Reuters (and lots of other news agencies) "China's exports growth lost steam in November, pressured by a strong yuan, weakening demand and higher costs."
reuters.com/world/china/ch…
2/6
But this isn't true at all. Chinese exports grew more rapidly month on month in November than they did in October, and in fact Chinese exports grew at one of the fastest month-on-month paces in two years.
3/6
Exports also grew more rapidly over a two-year period in November than they did in October. That is why I'd argue that export growth actually accelerated in November rather than "lost steam". So why are Reuters and so many others saying otherwise?
4/6
Probably because according to the customs data, exports grew 22% year on year in November, versus 27% in October. Because 22% seems a lot less than 27%, the assumption is that export growth must have slowed.
5/6
But this growth difference has nothing do do with slower export growth in November. it is more than fully explained by the fact that exports actually declined in October 2020 relative to September 2020, before surging again in November.
6/6
More than 100% of the "decline" in the growth rate, in other words, is explained by what happened last year, not by what happened this year. Export growth was actually stronger than expected.

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More from @michaelxpettis

9 Dec
1/7
Even bank analysts, who should know better, are confusing rising trade surpluses with rising export growth, and are suggesting that slower increases in China's exports next year should result in smaller surpluses.
scmp.com/economy/china-… via @SCMPNews
2/7
Export growth may indeed slow next year as more countries resume normal supply chain operations, but if the trade surplus contracts, the latter will have very little to do with the former.
3/7
China's trade surplus has surged in the past two years mainly because household income growth has continued to lag GDP growth, and this has pushed up the overall savings rate just as Beijing was trying to rein in non-productive investment.
Read 7 tweets
9 Dec
1/9
Interesting article. An economy's "real" wealth is the total value of goods and services it produces. While there are problems with the way GDP measures this, GDP growth is a rough but mostly unbiased proxy for the growth in England's real wealth.
ft.com/content/68b06c…
2/9
According to World Bank data, English GDP rose in real terms by 1.2% a year between 2000 and 2020. According to this article, however, the value of English real estate rose in real terms by 3.0% a year during the period, or two and a half times faster than GDP.
3/9
Unless there has been a substantial increase in the production of goods and services associated with real estate – and one that has not shown up at all in the GDP data – then clearly there has been a transfer of wealth In England.
Read 9 tweets
6 Dec
1/8
People often argue that because China is the world's growth engine, any slowdown in the Chinese economy will hurt growth in the rest of the world. Here Ruchir Sharma suggests that while this may have been true in the past, it is less true today.
ft.com/content/1d3782…
2/8
I've long argued however that this was never really true. While China has been the biggest arithmetical component of global growth for many years, this doesn't make it a "growth engine" in any meaningful sense.
3/8
On the contrary, because China's balance of payments acts as a mechanism that absorbs demand from the rest of the world and recycles it mainly in the form of unwanted savings, China actually restrains growth in the rest of the world.
Read 9 tweets
6 Dec
1/5
According to the China section of the Treasury Department's biannual report to Congress, published Friday, "China’s headline foreign exchange reserves increased by $102 billion in the four quarters through June 2021, standing at $3.2 trillion."
home.treasury.gov/system/files/2…
2/5
"In contrast," it continues, "over the same period monthly changes in the PBOC’s foreign exchange assets recorded no significant changes, increasing by only $6.2 billion. Meanwhile, monthly net foreign exchange settlement data, another proxy measure for...
3/5
foreign exchange intervention that includes the activities of China’s state-owned banks, recorded net foreign exchange purchases of nearly $278 billion (1.7% of GDP) in the four quarters through June 2021, adjusted for changes in outstanding forwards."
Read 7 tweets
5 Dec
1/8
China Daily says that cutting tariffs on Chinese goods would help curb US inflation, and cites a gamut of US experts who agree that tariffs on Chinese goods "certainly" contribute to higher US prices.
global.chinadaily.com.cn/a/202112/03/WS…
2/8
That might at first seem obvious, but it's just lazy thinking. The reason I've always opposed Trump's tariffs is because while they might affect bilateral imbalances, in today's hyperglobalized world they would have no effect on overall US deficits or Chinese surpluses.
3/8
That's because the former were driven by the US role in absorbing excess global savings, and the latter by China's domestic demand deficiencies. Because tariffs would barely affect either, they would have no impact on either country's overall trade imbalances.
Read 9 tweets
4 Dec
1/4
Most policymakers (at least those involved in financial and economic policymaking) recognize that the current model is unsustainable, David, but transitioning to a new sustainable model runs into the problems Albert Hirschman often discussed: it requires major...
2/4
institutional reforms and a redistribution of political power, not the least of which is a sharp reduction in the total revenues and expenditures of local governments. But because among other things local governments are largely responsible...
3/4
for meeting the unrealistic GDP growth targets set by Beijing, they need to be able to mobilize a lot of resources. Cutting them down to size, in other words, also means a transformation of the country's economic growth model.
Read 4 tweets

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